模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.12506

无机材料学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 459-468.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.12506 CSTR: 32189.14.SP.J.1077.2013.12506

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模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展

鲍艳, 杨永强, 马建中

(陕西科技大学资源与环境学院, 西安 710021)

收稿日期:2012-08-17 修回日期:2012-12-07 出版日期:2013-05-10 网络出版日期:2013-04-22
作者简介:鲍艳(1981–), 女, 副教授. E-mail: baoyan0611@126.com
基金资助:
霍英东教育基金会高等院校青年教师基金(131108);国家自然科学基金(21006061);陕西省教育厅科学研究计划(12JK0438);国家国际科研合作专项项目(2011DFA43490);陕西科技大学科研创新团创(TD12-033)

Research Progress of Hollow Structural Materials Prepared via Templating Method

BAO Yan, YANG Yong-Qiang, MA Jian-Zhong

(College of Resources and Environment, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China)

Received:2012-08-17 Revised:2012-12-07 Published:2013-05-10 Online:2013-04-22
About author:BAO Yan. E-mail: baoyan0611@126.com
Supported by:
Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation (131108);National Natural Science Foundation of China (21006061);Scientific Research Programs of Education Department of Shaanxi Province (12JK0438);International Science & Technology cooperation Program of China (2011PFA43490);Scientific Research Group of Shaanxi University of Science and Technology (TD12-03)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中空结构材料具有低密度、高比表面积、可以容纳客体分子等特点被广泛用于环境保护、生物医药、电子等领域。模板法具有简单、重复率高、预见性好等诸多优点, 在制备中空结构材料的过程中被广泛采用。根据所使用模板性质的不同, 模板法又可分为传统模板法和自模板法两类。本文对模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进行了综述, 首先阐述了硬模板法和软模板法两种传统模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展, 并在此基础上重点综述和评价了奥斯特瓦尔德熟化法、柯肯达尔效应法、电化学置换法和化学刻蚀法四种自模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展, 最后, 对模板法制备中空结构材料的发展前景进行了展望。

关键词: 中空结构材料, 传统模板法, 自模板法, 综述

Abstract:

Hollow structural materials with low density and high surface area which can encapsulate small molecules, are widely used in environmental protection, drug delivery system, electronic and other fields. Because templating method is simple, and owns high repeat rate, good prediction and many other advantages, it is particularly interesting and frequently used to fabricate hollow structural materials with homogeneous, dense layers. Templating methods can be divided broadly into two classes according to the properties of templates used in synthesis, which can be called traditional templating methods and self-templating methods, respectively. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the preparation of hollow structural materials via templating methods was provided. The progress of two traditional templating methods: hard templates and soft templates were firstly summarized. The research and development of hollow structural materials prepared via four self-templating methods: Ostwald ripening, Kirkendall effect, galvanic replacement and chemical etching were mainly reviewed and commented in the later. At last, perspective on the future research and development of hollow structural materials prepared by templating methods were also discussed.

Key words: hollow structural materials, traditional templating method, self-templating method, review

中图分类号:

TB34

鲍艳, 杨永强, 马建中. 模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2013, 28(5): 459-468.

BAO Yan, YANG Yong-Qiang, MA Jian-Zhong. Research Progress of Hollow Structural Materials Prepared via Templating Method[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2013, 28(5): 459-468.

图/表 7

图1 硬模板法制备中空二氧化硅示意图[4]

Fig. 1 A schematic of the process for hollow silicon dioxide preparation via hard templating method[4]

图2 Ostwald熟化法制备中空结构示意图[17]

Fig. 2 A schematic illustration of the preparation of hollow structural materials via Ostwald ripening[17]

图3 Ostwald熟化按(a)对称及(b)不对称机理制备中空结构的示意图[18]

Fig. 3 A diagram of the preparation of hollow structures via Ostwald ripening based on (a) symmetric and (b) asymmetric mechanism[18]

图4 Kirkendall效应法制备中空结构示意图[28]

Fig. 4 Preparation of hollow structure via Kirkendall effect[28]

图5 PVP处理不同时间下PbSe中空微球的TEM照片[29]

Fig. 5 TEM images of the time-dependent products during the synthesis of PbSe hollow spheres treated with PVP[29]

图6 电化学置换法制备Au中空结构过程中的TEM照片及结构示意图[44]

Fig. 6 TEM images and schematic diagrams of Au hollow structures via galvanic replacement[44]

图7 氧化还原刻蚀法制备单层及双层Fe(OH)x中空结构示意图[58]

Fig. 7 A diagram of the preparation of Fe(OH)x hollow structures via chemical etching[58]

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模板法制备中空结构材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Hollow Structural Materials Prepared via Templating Method

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