硫酸钠桥接多尺度MXene的低反射太赫兹屏蔽性能

doi:10.15541/jim20260352

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 面向第六代(6G)通信太赫兹频段对电磁屏蔽材料的高效屏蔽与电绝缘双重需求,传统反射型材料因信号串扰与短路风险难以适用。基于微电容器损耗机制,本研究采用分级离心工艺分别制备平均横向尺寸为784 nm和13.39 μm的两种Ti₃C₂T_x MXene纳米片,并以硫酸钠为桥联剂构筑多尺度微电容器网络(PNMM),系统考察MXene尺寸效应对复合薄膜微观结构、绝缘性能及0.2~2.0 THz波段屏蔽性能的调控规律。结果表明,高导电大尺寸MXene薄膜(电导率3254.38 S/cm)因表面阻抗严重失配(反射率0.53),表现为表面反射主导屏蔽;小尺寸体系虽具有丰富的界面极化位点,但极板电容有限,总屏蔽效能仅8.27 dB。依托硫酸钠桥接作用,PNMM多尺度网络可协同发挥大尺寸极板的强感应电流损耗与小尺寸极板的高密度界面极化优势,同时桥接界面引入额外Maxwell-Wagner极化弛豫损耗。得益于上述结构优势,该薄膜在保持高绝缘性(体积电阻率1.72×10⁹Ω·cm)的同时,实现总屏蔽效能89.62 dB、吸收率0.77,吸收损耗占总屏蔽效能超过98%,成功实现了“低反射、高吸收”的理想太赫兹屏蔽模式。本研究揭示了MXene横向尺寸效应与界面桥联对微电容器网络致密化及太赫兹电磁耗散的协同调控机制,为开发高性能吸收主导型太赫兹屏蔽材料提供了实验依据与设计思路。

关键词: MXene, 电磁屏蔽, 太赫兹, 尺寸效应, 微电容器, 吸收主导机制

Abstract: Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials for sixth-generation (6G) terahertz-band communication require both high shielding effectiveness and electrical insulation. However, conventional reflective materials are unsuitable due to signal crosstalk and short-circuit hazards. Based on microcapacitor theory, hierarchical centrifugation was adopted in this study to prepare two types of Ti₃C₂T_xMXene nanosheets with average lateral sizes of 784 nm and 13.39 μm, respectively. Sodium sulfate was introduced as a bridging agent to construct a multiscale microcapacitor network (PNMM). The effects of MXene flake size on the composite film microstructure, insulation performance, and shielding properties in the 0.2-2.0 THz band were systematically investigated. Results show that large-size MXene films (conductivity: 3254.38 S/cm) exhibit reflection-dominated shielding due to severe impedance mismatch (reflectivity: 0.53). By contrast, small-size system, despite possessing abundant interfacial polarization sites, are restricted by limited single-sheet capacitance, leading to a low total shielding effectiveness of merely 8.27 dB. Notably, the sodium sulfate-bridged multiscale network synergistically combines the strong induced-current loss of large plates with the high-density interfacial polarization of small plates, while the bridged interfaces contribute additional Maxwell-Wagner polarization loss. The optimized composite film achieves a total shielding effectiveness of 89.62 dB and an absorptance of 0.77, while maintaining excellent electrical insulation (volume resistivity: 1.72×10⁹ Ω·cm). The absorption loss accounting for over 98% of the total shielding effectiveness, thereby realizing the ideal shielding mode "low reflection, high absorption". This work reveals the synergistic mechanism by which MXene lateral size and interfacial bridging govern microcapacitor network densification and terahertz electromagnetic dissipation, providing experimental evidence and design strategies for developing high-performance, absorption-dominated terahertz shielding materials.

Key words: MXene, electromagnetic shielding, terahertz, size effect, microcapacitors, absorption-dominated mechanism

中图分类号:

TB34
TB332

李思悦, 方江宇, 左沛元, 庄启昕. 硫酸钠桥接多尺度MXene的低反射太赫兹屏蔽性能[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260352.

LI Siyue, FANG Jiangyu, ZUO Peiyuan, ZHUANG Qixin. Multi-scale MXene Architectures Bridged by Sodium Sulphate for Low-reflection Terahertz Shielding[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260352.

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