高熵稀土硅酸盐环境障涂层的界面调控与高温燃气热循环性能

doi:10.15541/jim20260238

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新一代航空发动机热端部件服役环境日益严苛,对C/C复合材料表面环境障涂层的高温相稳定性、界面结合可靠性及热循环寿命提出更高要求。针对高熵稀土硅酸盐涂层与C/C基体间热膨胀失配及界面氧化易导致早期剥落的问题,本工作制备了(Tm_0.2Yb_0.2Er_0.2Lu_0.2Ho_0.2)₂SiO₅(简称(5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅)高熵稀土硅酸盐粉体,并结合包埋固渗和超音速大气等离子喷涂技术,分别制备(5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅和(5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅-SiC两种涂层体系,探究SiC黏结层对涂层相结构、界面反应及1400 ℃燃气热循环性能的影响。结果表明,(5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅粉体保持稳定的单斜RE₂SiO₅固溶体结构,五种稀土元素分布均匀;喷涂后涂层厚度约为(230±5) μm,快速熔融-凝固过程诱导涂层发生部分非晶化并生成质量分数约5.88%的(5RE_0.2)₂O₃相。未引入黏结层的(5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅涂层在1400 ℃热循环6次后大面积剥落,(5RE_0.2)₂O₃含量升至12.01%,其失效主要归因于贯穿裂纹加速氧气与水蒸气向界面扩散,诱发C、Si及SiC氧化,削弱界面结合。相比之下,带有SiC黏结层的(5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅-SiC涂层经100次热循环后仍保持结构完整。SiC黏结层优异的界面调控作用源于其粗糙结构形成的机械咬合,以及热循环中SiC氧化生成的SiO₂与(5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅原位反应生成(5RE_0.2)₂Si₂O₇过渡相,从而构筑成分连续、热膨胀匹配更优的梯度界面,有效抑制贯穿裂纹扩展和界面氧化损伤。

关键词: 高熵稀土硅酸盐, 环境障涂层, 热喷涂, 燃气热循环, C/C复合材料

Abstract: Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) for C/C-based hot-section components must retain phase stability and interfacial integrity under severe thermal cycling. However, thermal-expansion mismatch and interfacial oxidation can lead to premature spallation of high-entropy rare-earth silicate coatings. Here, (Tm_0.2Yb_0.2Er_0.2Lu_0.2Ho_0.2)₂SiO₅, denoted as (5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅, powder was synthesized, and (5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅ and (5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅-SiC coating systems were fabricated by combining pack cementation with supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying. The synthesized powder formed a stable monoclinic (5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅-type solid solution with a homogeneous distribution of the five rare-earth elements. The approximately (230 ± 5) μm-thick sprayed coating was partially amorphized and contained 5.88%(in mass) (5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅ owing to rapid melting and solidification. Without the SiC bond coat, the coating spalled extensively after only six burner-rig thermal cycles at 1400 °C, accompanied by an increase in the (5RE_0.2)₂O₃ content to 12.01%. Through-thickness cracks accelerated the transport of oxygen and steam to the interface, promoting the oxidation of C, Si and SiC and weakening interfacial bonding. By contrast, the SiC-bonded coating remained macroscopically intact after 100 cycles. The rough SiC surface provided mechanical interlocking, while oxidation-derived SiO₂ reacted in situ with (5RE_0.2)₂SiO₅ to form a (5RE_0.2)₂Si₂O₇ transition phase. The resulting compositionally graded reaction zone improved thermal-expansion compatibility near the SiC interface and suppressed crack penetration and interfacial oxidation, thereby markedly extending the thermal-cycling lifetime.

Key words: high-entropy rare-earth silicate, environmental barrier coating, thermal spraying, combustion-gas thermal cycling, C/C composites

中图分类号:

TB332

张宇嘉, 吴珂珂, 郭凌翔, 欧鸿康, 张硕, 孙佳. 高熵稀土硅酸盐环境障涂层的界面调控与高温燃气热循环性能[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260238.

ZHANG Yujia, WU Keke, GUO Lingxiang, OU Hongkang, ZHANG Shuo, SUN Jia. Interfacial Regulation and High-temperature Combustion-gas Thermal-cycling Performance of High-entropy Rare-earth Silicate Environmental Barrier Coatings[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260238.

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