基于前驱体的ZrB2/(SiC-AlN)陶瓷复合材料的制备及性能研究

doi:10.15541/jim20260026

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对高超声速飞行器热防护系统等极端高温结构应用需求,本研究以商用聚碳硅烷与聚硼锆氧烷为前驱体,通过前驱体转化结合热压烧结工艺,在1950 ℃成功制备了ZrB₂/(SiC-AlN)陶瓷复合材料。X射线衍射结果显示,烧结后产物中形成六方SiC相与ZrB₂相,未出现明显的AlN特征峰,证实AlN已固溶于SiC基体中,形成了SiC-AlN固溶体。显微结构观察结果表明,前驱体衍生的ZrB₂均匀分散在SiC-AlN基体中,不仅促进了烧结致密化,还能有效抑制基体晶粒生长。研究还系统分析了前驱体衍生ZrB₂含量对复合材料物相演变、显微结构特征、致密化行为以及力学性能的影响。当ZrB₂和 AlN质量分数分别为25%和10%时,复合材料表现出最佳综合性能,其开口气孔率为0.6%,抗弯强度达(407±14) MPa,断裂韧性为(5.8±0.1) MPa·m^1/2。同时,在800~1000 ℃静态空气中还表现出良好的短期抗氧化性能。结果表明,基于前驱体法引入ZrB₂可有效调控聚合物衍生陶瓷基SiC-AlN复合材料的微观结构并提升其综合性能。

关键词: 前驱体衍生陶瓷, 纳米复合材料, SiC-AlN固溶体, 韧性, 强度

Abstract: In response to the demanding requirements of extreme high-temperature structural applications, such as thermal protection systems for hypersonic vehicles, ZrB₂/(SiC-AlN) ceramic composites were fabricated via a precursor-derived route using commercially available polycarbosilane and polyborozirconoxane, followed by hot-press sintering at 1950 ℃. X-ray diffraction results indicated the formation of hexagonal SiC and ZrB₂ phases after sintering, while no distinct AlN diffraction peaks were observed due to the formation of a SiC-AlN solid solution. Microstructural observations revealed that in situ formed ZrB₂ was uniformly dispersed within the SiC-AlN matrix, contributing to improved densification and inhibition of grain growth. The effects of precursor-derived ZrB₂ content on phase composition, microstructure, densification behavior, and mechanical properties of the composites were systematically investigated. Among the series of samples, the composite containing 25% ZrB₂ and 10% AlN (in mass) exhibited the lowest open porosity (0.6%), the highest flexural strength ((407±14) MPa), and the maximum fracture toughness ((5.8±0.1) MPa·m^1/2). This composition also exhibited effective short-term oxidation resistance in static air over the temperature range of 800-1000 ℃. The results demonstrate that the precursor-derived introduction of ZrB₂ is an effective approach to tailor microstructure and enhance the overall performance of polymer-derived SiC-AlN ceramic composites.

Key words: precursor-derived ceramic, nanocomposite, SiC-AlN solid solution, toughness, strength

中图分类号:

TQ174

周岩, 刘骐恺, 夏爱东, 张步豪, 殷杰, 黄政仁. 基于前驱体的ZrB₂/(SiC-AlN)陶瓷复合材料的制备及性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260026.

ZHOU Yan, LIU Qikai, XIA Aidong, ZHANG Buhao, YIN Jie, HUANG Zhengren. Fabrication of ZrB₂/(SiC-AlN) Ceramic Composites via SiC and ZrB₂ precursors[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260026.

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基于前驱体的ZrB₂/(SiC-AlN)陶瓷复合材料的制备及性能研究

Fabrication of ZrB₂/(SiC-AlN) Ceramic Composites via SiC and ZrB₂ precursors

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