热处理温度对双连续β-氮化硅增强铝基复合材料性能的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20140473

无机材料学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 277-281.DOI: 10.15541/jim20140473 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20140473

热处理温度对双连续β-氮化硅增强铝基复合材料性能的影响

鲁元^{1, 2}, 李京龙¹, 杨建锋³, 李鹏¹

(1. 西北工业大学陕西省摩擦焊接重点实验室, 西安 710072; 2. 西安特种设备检验检测院, 西安 710065; 3. 西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室, 西安 710049)

收稿日期:2014-09-19 修回日期:2014-10-09 出版日期:2015-03-20 网络出版日期:2015-03-06
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51272205, 51072157, 51071123, 51101126, A3前瞻计划51161140399);863计划(2011AA030102);凝固技术国家重点实验室(西北工业大学)自主研究课题(43-QP-2009, 31-TP-2009);国家教育部博士点专项基金(20100201110036);中国博士后科学基金(2013M542383)

Effects of Heat-treatment Temperature on Properties of Co-continuous β-Si₃N₄ Reinforced Al Matrix Composites

LU Yuan^{1, 2}, LI Jing-Long¹, YANG Jian-Feng³, LI Peng¹

(1. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Friction Welding Technologies, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; 2. Xi’an Special Equipment Inspection Institute, Xi’an 710065, China; 3. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China)

Received:2014-09-19 Revised:2014-10-09 Published:2015-03-20 Online:2015-03-06
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (51272205, 51072157, 51071123, 51101126, A3 Foresight Program 51161140399);High-Tech R & D Program of China (863, 2011AA030102);State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing in NWPU (43-QP-2009, 31-TP-2009);Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (20100201110036);China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (2013M542383)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过常压烧结法制备了气孔率为53.43%的多孔氮化硅预制体, 并利用挤压铸造法制备双连续β-氮化硅增强铝基复合材料, 并研究了热处理温度对复合材料显微组织和力学性能的影响。利用位错增殖强化理论和界面反应理论分析复合材料的显微组织和力学性能, 结果表明, 随着热处理温度的升高, 铝合金基体发生位错增殖, β-氮化硅增强体和铝合金基体的界面反应程度增强, 复合材料的显微硬度增高, 断裂韧性降低, 弯曲强度先增加后降低, 复合材料断裂模式从沿晶韧性断裂转变为沿晶脆性断裂。当热处理温度为850℃, 复合材料的界面层厚度约为20~50 nm, 其综合力学性能达到最佳。

关键词: 挤压铸造法, 复合材料, 界面反应, 位错增殖

Abstract:

The co-continuous β-Si₃N₄ reinforced Al matrix composites were fabricated through squeeze casting of porous β-Si₃N₄ preforms with porosity of 53.43% which obtained by pressureless sintering. The influences of heat-treatment temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of co-continuous β-Si₃N₄ reinforced Al matrix composites were investigated. With the heat-treatment temperature increase, the degree of interfacial reaction, dislocation density increase, and vickers hardness increases, while fracture toughness decreases, accompanied by flexural strength increasing until 850℃ and then decreasing. The fracture mode of composites changes gradually from ductile intergranular rupture to brittle intergranular rupture. When being heat-treated at 850℃, the composites obtain the optimum mechanical properties with the reaction layer of about 20-50 nm.

Key words: squeeze casting, composites, interfacial reaction, dislocation multiplication

中图分类号:

TB331

鲁元, 李京龙, 杨建锋, 李鹏. 热处理温度对双连续β-氮化硅增强铝基复合材料性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2015, 30(3): 277-281.

LU Yuan, LI Jing-Long, YANG Jian-Feng, LI Peng. Effects of Heat-treatment Temperature on Properties of Co-continuous β-Si₃N₄ Reinforced Al Matrix Composites[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(3): 277-281.

图/表 8

表1 多孔氮化硅预制体的原料配比和烧结性能

Table 1 Composition and sintering properties of the porous β-Si3N4 preforms

Samples	Composition/ wt%		Sintering property
Samples	α-Si₃N₄	Y₂O₃	Weight loss/%	Linear shrinkage/%	Porosity/%	Flexural strength /MPa
Porous β-Si₃N₄preform	95	5	8.7%	4.3%	53.4%	152.3

图1 多孔氮化硅预制体的断口形貌

Fig. 1 Fracture morphology of the porous β-Si3N4 preform

图2 不同温度热处理复合材料的相组成

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of the composites after heat-treatment at different temperatures (a) (1) 750℃, (2) 800℃; (b) (3) 850℃, (4) 900℃, (5) 950℃

图3 不同温度热处理的复合材料的断口形貌

Fig. 3 Fracture morphologies of the composites after heat-treatment at (a) 750℃, (b) 850℃ and (c) 950℃

表2 不同温度热处理复合材料的力学性能

Table 2 Mechanical properties of the composites after heat-treatment at different temperatures

Samples	Vickers hardness/HV	Flexural strength /MPa	Fracture toughness/(MPa·m^1/2)
Untreated	450.76	441.90	6.95
750℃	492.15	467.56	5.58
800℃	616.87	523.17	4.72
850℃	753.21	658.91	3.61
900℃	1105.99	489.05	1.88
950℃	1287.91	395.62	1.42

图4 经过850℃热处理的复合材料的透射电镜照片

Fig. 4 TEM image of the composite after heat-treatment at 850℃

图5 经过850℃热处理的复合材料界面反应层的TEM照片(a)和HRTEM照片(b)

Fig. 5 TEM (a) and HRTEM (b) images of reaction layer of the composite after heat-treatment at 850℃

图6 经过850℃热处理的复合材料界面成分点EDS分析

Fig. 6 EDS analysis for reaction layer in SEM observation area of the composite after heat-treatment at 850℃

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热处理温度对双连续β-氮化硅增强铝基复合材料性能的影响

Effects of Heat-treatment Temperature on Properties of Co-continuous β-Si₃N₄ Reinforced Al Matrix Composites

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热处理温度对双连续β-氮化硅增强铝基复合材料性能的影响

Effects of Heat-treatment Temperature on Properties of Co-continuous β-Si3N4 Reinforced Al Matrix Composites

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Effects of Heat-treatment Temperature on Properties of Co-continuous β-Si₃N₄ Reinforced Al Matrix Composites