Two-dimensional Perovskite Single Crystal Nanosheets: Floating Growth and Optoelectronic Performance

doi:10.15541/jim20250426

Abstract

Abstract:

Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) two-dimensional layered perovskites have garnered extensive attention in the fields of optoelectronics due to their intrinsic natural quantum-well structures, tunable physicochemical properties, and remarkable optoelectronic performance. However, the rapid and high-quality preparation of two-dimensional single-crystalline perovskite flakes remains a significant challenge. In this work, a rapid and facile floating method was developed for growing a series of high-quality two-dimensional RP-type perovskite single-crystalline nanosheets with different compositions. The method involves the controlled growth of single-crystalline nanosheets at the liquid-air interface, where surface tension plays a critical role in driving the anisotropic two-dimensional growth of the crystals. By adjusting the types and proportions of long-chain ammonium salts, organic cations and halogens in the precursor solution, 12 kinds of RP-type perovskite single-crystalline nanosheets with different components and shapes (strip-shaped, flake-shaped, plate-shaped, etc.) are successfully prepared, demonstrating the universality of this strategy. The resultant nanosheets exhibit excellent crystalline quality, atomically flat surfaces, and uniform elemental distributions, as confirmed by different characterizations. These structural and compositional properties are essential for achieving consistent and stable optoelectronic performance. Moreover, the photodetectors fabricated based on (BA)₂PbBr₄ nanosheets exhibit ultraviolet detection capabilities. Under the conditions of 370 nm ultraviolet illumination and 3 V bias voltage, it achieves a responsivity of 19.7 mA/W and a specific detectivity of 1.14×10¹¹ Jones, demonstrating its strong potential as a promising candidate for ultraviolet photodetectors. This study provides a solid foundation for the miniaturization of perovskite optoelectronic devices.

Key words: two-dimensional perovskite, single-crystalline nanosheet, rapid preparation, photodetector

CLC Number:

TQ174

HONG Enliu, TU Xinchen, LI Ziqing, FANG Xiaosheng. Two-dimensional Perovskite Single Crystal Nanosheets: Floating Growth and Optoelectronic Performance[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2026, 41(6): 787-794.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1 Experimental procedures of preparing single crystal nanosheets by liquid-air interface floating growth method

Fig. 2 Flowchart of constructing MSM-structure photodetectors using micro-nano processing technology and dry transfer technique

Fig. 3 Optical microscopic images of various compositions of two-dimensional perovskite nanosheets grown by the liquid-air interfacial floating method Scale bar: 30 μm

Fig. 4 Analysis of the composition and optical properties of (BA)2PbBr4 nanosheets (a, b) Optical microscope magnification images in (a) bright field and (b) dark field (scale bar: 30 μm); (c) Thickness profile; (d) XRD pattern; (e) Photoluminescence spectrum; (f) UV-visible absorption spectrum

Fig. 5 (a) Crystal structure depiction, (b) SEM image (upper) and corresponding elemental distribution mappings (lower) (scale bar: 30 μm), (c) high-resolution TEM image and (d) selected area electron diffraction pattern of (BA)2PbBr4 nanosheets

Fig. 6 Analysis of the optoelectronic properties of (BA)2PbBr4 nanosheets (a) Structural diagram of the device and the corresponding optical microscope image; (b) I-V curves of the device under light of different wavelengths; (c) I-t curves of the device at the optimal response wavelength with different bias voltages; (d) Responsivity curve of the device as a function of wavelength at 3 V bias voltage. Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. S1 Verification of process reliability of multiple batches by floating method Taking the (BA)2PbBr4 component as an example; Scale bar: 100 μm

Table S1 Performance comparison of this working device with other similar devices

Material	Type	Testing condition	Responsivity/ (mA·W^-1)	Specific detectivity/ Jones	I_on/off	Ref.
MoS₂/CsPbBr₃	Film	10 V, 385 nm	0.4	3.5×10⁹	-	[S1]
(OA)₂FA_n_-1Pb_nBr₃_n₊₁	Film	3 V, 442 nm	3.2×10⁴	-	-	[S2]
(BA)₂Pb(Cl_0.1Br_0.9)₄	Single crystal	10 V, 340 nm	3.19	3.87×10¹¹	~10	[S3]
MAPbI₃/(BA)₂(MA)₃Pb₄I₁₃	Film	3 V, 405 nm	9.4	3.1×10⁸	8.91×10³	[S4]
(BA)₂(MA)₂Pb₃I₁₀	Film	30 V, -	12.78	-	1.6×10³	[S5]
MAPbI₃	Film	10 V, 650 nm	1×10²	1.02×10¹²	3×10²	[S6]
MoS₂/CsPbBr₃	Single crystal	10 V, 442 nm	4.4×10³	2.5×10¹⁰	1.67×10⁴	[S7]
(PEA)₂(MA)Pb₂I₇	Single crystal	9.5 V, 600 nm	3.87	2.92×10¹⁰	~10³	[S8]
(BA)₂(MA)₃Pb₄I₁₃	Single crystal	3 V, 532 nm	71.9	1.1×10¹²	~10⁵	[S9]
Si/CsPbBr₃	Film	−1 V, 532 nm	24.85	1.01×10¹¹	~9×10²	[S10]
(BA)₂PbBr₄	Single crystal	3 V, 370 nm	19.7	1.14×10¹¹	2.3×10²	This work

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