Crystal Growth and Structural, Optical, and Visible Fluorescence Traits of Dy3+-doped SrGdGa3O7 Crystal

doi:10.15541/jim20230059

Abstract

Abstract:

Dy³⁺-doped SrGdGa₃O₇ crystal was successfully grown through the Czochralski method and investigated in detail for its structural and optical features. Its crystallographic lattice parameters were optimized by Rietveld refinement based on XRD data. Polarized absorption spectra, polarized emission spectra, and fluorescence decay curves of Dy: SrGdGa₃O₇ crystal were analyzed. Absorption cross-sections at 452 nm corresponding to π- and σ-polarization were computed as 0.594×10^-21 and 0.555×10^-21 cm², respectively. Calculated effective J-O intensity parameters Ω₂, Ω₄, and Ω₆ were 5.495×10^-20, 1.476×10^-20, and 1.110×10^-20 cm², respectively. J-O analysis and emission spectra show that transition ⁴F_9/2→⁶H_13/2 of Dy: SrGdGa₃O₇ crystal has the highest fluorescence branching ratio and fluorescence intensity under 452 nm excitation within the visible spectral region, the emission cross-sections of π- and σ-polarization were 1.84×10^-21 and 2.49×10^-21 cm² at the wavelength of 574 nm, respectively. The measured radiative lifetime and fluorescence decay time of the Dy³⁺: ⁴F_9/2 level were 0.768 and 0.531 ms with a quantum efficiency of 69.1%. All these results reveal that Dy³⁺: SrGdGa₃O₇ crystal is a promising material for yellow lasers pumped with blue laser diodes.

Key words: crystal growth, Dy³⁺: SrGdGa₃O₇, optical properties, yellow emission

CLC Number:

TN244

WANG Haidong, WANG Yan, ZHU Zhaojie, LI Jianfu, LAKSHMINARAYANA Gandham, TU Chaoyang. Crystal Growth and Structural, Optical, and Visible Fluorescence Traits of Dy³⁺-doped SrGdGa₃O₇ Crystal[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(12): 1475-1482.

Figures/Tables 13

References 40

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Parameter	Dy:SGGM	SGGM (PDF#50-1835)
a, b/nm	0.79741	0.79651
c/nm	0.52599	0.52368
V/nm³	0.334460	0.33224
ρ/(g·cm^-3)	5.670	5.658
Space group	P$\bar{4}$2₁m
R_wp	12.456%
χ²	1.35

Parameter	Dy:SGGM	SGGM (PDF#50-1835)
a, b/nm	0.79741	0.79651
c/nm	0.52599	0.52368
V/nm³	0.334460	0.33224
ρ/(g·cm^-3)	5.670	5.658
Space group	P$\bar{4}$2₁m
R_wp	12.456%
χ²	1.35

Crystal	λ/nm	FWHM/ nm	σ_abs/ (×10^-21, cm²)	Ref.
Dy: CeF₃	450	9.4	0.61	[20]
Dy: PbWO₄	454	5.71	1.42	[26]
Dy: CNGS	453	10.2	1.2	[27]
Dy: Sr₃Y(BO₃)₃	450	8(π) 10(σ)	0.8(π) 0.6(σ)	[28]
Dy: CaYAlO₄	453	-	3.3(π) 2.1(σ)	[21]
Dy: CaGdAlO₄	452	2.5(π) 4.3(σ)	1.28(π) 2.43(σ)	[22]
Dy: YAG	447	1.9	2.3	[23]
Dy: SGGM	452	10.4(π) 11.8(σ)	0.594(π) 0.555(σ)	This work

Crystal	λ/nm	FWHM/ nm	σ_abs/ (×10^-21, cm²)	Ref.
Dy: CeF₃	450	9.4	0.61	[20]
Dy: PbWO₄	454	5.71	1.42	[26]
Dy: CNGS	453	10.2	1.2	[27]
Dy: Sr₃Y(BO₃)₃	450	8(π) 10(σ)	0.8(π) 0.6(σ)	[28]
Dy: CaYAlO₄	453	-	3.3(π) 2.1(σ)	[21]
Dy: CaGdAlO₄	452	2.5(π) 4.3(σ)	1.28(π) 2.43(σ)	[22]
Dy: YAG	447	1.9	2.3	[23]
Dy: SGGM	452	10.4(π) 11.8(σ)	0.594(π) 0.555(σ)	This work

Transition ⁶H_15/2→	π-polarization			σ-polarization
Transition ⁶H_15/2→	$\bar{\lambda}$/nm	S_exp/(×10^-20, cm²)	S_calc/(×10^-20, cm²)	$\bar{\lambda}$/nm	S_exp/(×10^-20, cm²)	S_calc/(×10^-20, cm²)
⁴G_11/2	426	0.053	0.028	422	0.076	0.022
⁴I_15/2	450	0.104	0.093	450	0.148	0.123
⁴F_9/2	470	0.039	0.033	473	0.055	0.043
⁶F_3/2	766	0.088	0.051	761	0.077	0.076
⁶F_5/2	791	0.286	0.291	792	0.403	0.429
⁶F_7/2	893	0.978	0.846	901	1.179	1.067
⁶H_7/2+⁶F_9/2	1074	1.631	1.672	1079	1.677	1.701
⁶H_9/2+⁶F_11/2	1266	6.670	6.660	1259	6.961	6.953
⁶H_11/2	1693	0.970	1.078	1656	1.292	1.370
RMS/(×10^-20, cm²)		0.074			0.063

Crystal Growth and Structural, Optical, and Visible Fluorescence Traits of Dy³⁺-doped SrGdGa₃O₇ Crystal

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Crystal	Ω₂/(×10^-20, cm²)	Ω₄/(×10^-20, cm²)	Ω₆/(×10^-20, cm²)	Ref.
Dy: LiLuF₄	2.04	0.91	1.09	[34]
Dy: YAG	1.49	0.94	3.20	[23]
Dy: CaGdAlO₄	1.80	1.00	0.50	[22]
Dy: CaYAlO₄	5.05	9.95	3.12	[21]
Dy: Sr₃Y(BO₃)₃	2.39	0.88	1.22	[28]
Dy: LiNbO₃	5.42	1.14	2.51	[35]
Dy: YSGG	0.13	0.73	1.06	[36]
Dy: GGG	0.17	2.66	2.57	[31]
Dy: SGGM	5.113 (π) 5.686 (σ) 5.495 (eff)	1.796 (π) 1.316 (σ) 1.476 (eff)	0.843 (π) 1.243 (σ) 1.110 (eff)	This work

Transitions ⁴F_9/2→	$\bar{\lambda}$/nm	A_ed/s^-1	A_md/s^-1	β	τ_r/ms
⁶F_1/2	1364	0.094	0	7.220×10^-5	0.768
⁶F_3/2	1270	0.066	0	5.055×10^-5	-
⁶F_5/2	1157	9.804	0	7.526×10^-3	-
⁶F_7/2	998	4.534	8.413	9.939×10^-3	-
⁶H_5/2	921	3.577	0	2.746×10^-3	-
⁶H_7/2+⁶F_9/2	833	27.488	13.568	0.032	-
⁶H_9/2+⁶F_11/2	756	45.544	81.59	0.098	-
⁶H_11/2	665	86.029	17.474	0.079	-
⁶H_13/2	574	841.755	0	0.646	-
⁶H_15/2	481	162.738	0	0.125	-

Crystals	$\bar{\lambda}$/nm	FWHM/nm	σ_em/(×10^-21, cm²)	τ_r/ms	τ_f/ms	η/%	Ref.
Dy:LiNbO₃	575	-	3.2 (π) 0.3 (σ)	0.292	0.268	91.8	[35]
Dy:YAG	583	-	2.09	1.02	0.4	39.2	[23]
Dy: CaYAlO₄	580	-	2.8 (π) 3.6 (σ)	0.485	0.262	54.0	[21]
Dy:CaGdAlO₄	578	13(π) 14 (σ)	0.55 (π) 0.51 (σ)	0.501	0.222	44.3	[22]
Dy:Sr₃Y(BO₃)₃	576	16 (σ) 17 (π)	1.0 (σ) 1.2 (π)	1.45	0.820	56.6	[28]
Dy: CNGS	572	16.3 (σ) 15.8 (π)	1.35 (σ) 1.89 (π)	1.22	0.293	26.5	[27]
Dy:GGG	581	-	2.62	1.107	0.79	71.4	[31]
Dy:SGGM	574	15.6(π) 16.2(σ)	1.84 (π) 2.49 (σ)	0.768	0.531	69.1	This work

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