连续氧化铝纤维高温长时热处理的微结构与力学性能演变

doi:10.15541/jim20250462

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 连续氧化铝纤维具有优异的化学稳定性、抗氧化性、结构稳定性以及高温力学性能,广泛应用于航空航天、国防军工、能源等领域,是兼具研究价值和市场前景的高性能工程纤维。不同氧化铝纤维的组分、结构和形貌的差异导致其的长期使用温度各不相同。本工作利用不同研究手段研究了Nextel^TM 440和NITIVY ALF^TM两种商业化纤维及自制SLF72连续氧化铝纤维经历高温长时热处理后的物相结构、微观形貌与力学性能演变,探讨了纤维的物相结构和微观形貌对其力学性能的影响规律和机理,并对比了上述三种纤维经不同温度热处理后的力学性能。结果表明,随着热处理温度升高,三种纤维均发生向莫来石相的相转变,且单丝拉伸强度总体呈降低趋势,莫来石相的生成和长大是导致强度降低的主要原因。相对于Nextel^TM 440和NITIVY ALF^TM商业化纤维,自制SLF72纤维在高温长时处理后具有更高的力学性能,三种纤维的长期使用温度顺序为SLF72>NITIVY ALF^TM>Nextel^TM 440。

关键词: 氧化铝纤维, 长时热处理, 微结构, 单丝力学性能

Abstract: Continuous alumina fibers are widely used in fields including aerospace, national defense, military industry and energy resources, due to their exceptional chemical stability, oxidation resistance, structural stability and excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, making them promising engineering fibers with significant research value and market prospects. The long-term service temperature of alumina fibers varies depending on their composition, structure and morphology. In this work, phase composition, microstructure and mechanical property evolution of two commercial fibers (i.e. Nextel^TM 440 and NITIVY ALF^TM), and one lab-synthesized fiber (i.e. SLF72) were investigated after long-term treatment at elevated temperatures. Characterization was performed using different methods. The influence of phase composition and microstructure on mechanical properties was discussed, and the underlying mechanisms were elucidated. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the fibers after heat treatment at different temperatures were compared. The results indicate that all three fibers undergo transform to mullite, accompanied by a general decline in single-filament tensile strength with increasing temperature. The formation and growth of mullite phase are identified as the primary reasons for the strength degradation after heat treatment. Compared with Nextel^TM 440 and NITIVY ALF^TM, the lab-synthesized fiber SLF72 demonstrates superior mechanical properties after long-term exposure at elevated temperatures. And the long-term service temperature limits of the fibers follow the order: SLF72>NITIVY ALF^TM>Nextel^TM 440.

Key words: alumina fiber, long-term heat treatment, microstructure, single filament mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TQ174

胡娟, 许頔, 聂怀文, 林根连, 闫继娜. 连续氧化铝纤维高温长时热处理的微结构与力学性能演变[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250462.

HU Juan, XU Di, NIE Huaiwen, LIN Genlian, YAN Jina. Microstructure and Mechanical Property Evolution of Continuous Alumina Fibers during Long-term Exposure at Elevated Temperatures[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250462.

参考文献

[1] WILSON D: 23-Continuous oxide fibers D: 23-Continuous oxide fibers. In: BUNSELL A R. Handbook of properties of textile and technical fibres (second edition). Woodhead Publishing, 2018: 903-927.
[2] 任春华, 叶亚莉, 周国成, 等. 氧化铝纤维的发展现状及前景. 新材料产业, 2010(04): 38.
[3] 张恒飞, 王东哲, 刘茂举, 等. 氧化铝超细纤维的制备方法及应用研究现状. 合成纤维工业, 2023, 46(01): 68.
[4] 汪家铭, 孔亚琴. 氧化铝纤维发展现状及应用前景. 高科技纤维与应用, 2010, 35(04): 49.
[5] POULON-QUINTIN A, BERGER M H, BUNSELL A R.Mechanical and microstructural characterisation of Nextel 650 alumina-zirconia fibres.Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2004, 24(9): 27693.
[6] SCHAWALLER D, CLAUß B, BUCHMEISER M R.Ceramic filament fibers—a review.Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 2012, 297(6): 502.
[7] YALAMAç E, SUTCU M, BASTURK S B: 9 - Ceramic fibers. In: SEYDIBEYOĞLU M Ö, MOHANTY A K, MISRA M. Fiber technology for fiber-reinforced composites. Woodhead Publishing, 2017: 187-207.
[8] REINDERS L, BIRKENSTOCK J, PFEIFER S, et al. Temperature-dependent structure-property relations in continuous mullite-based ceramic fibers. Ceramics International, 2024, 50(11): 19048.
[9] CHENG M, LIU W, YAO S, et al. Kinetics and mechanisms for the densification and grain growth of the α-alumina fibers isothermally sintered at elevated temperatures. Ceramics International, 2022, 48(15): 21756.
[10] WILSON D: 18 - The structure and tensile properties of continuous oxide fibers D: 18 - The structure and tensile properties of continuous oxide fibers. In: BUNSELL A R. Handbook of tensile properties of textile and technical fibres. Woodhead Publishing, 2009: 626-650.
[11] WEN Z, YANG X, MING H, et al. Microstructural and mechanical characterization of a mullite fiber. Ceramics International, 2021, 47(23): 33252.
[12] CHEN M, YANG X, QING-ZHUANG H, et al. Effect of heat-treatment on the microstructure and room-temperature mechanical properties of alumina-silica fiber. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 2024, 22(2): e14934.
[13] JIANG R, LIU H T, YANG L W, et al. Mechanical properties of aluminosilicate fiber heat-treated from 800 ℃ to 1400 ℃: Effects of phase transition, grain growth and defects. Materials Characterization, 2018, 138: 120.
[14] PETRY M D, MAH T I.Effect of thermal exposures on the strengths of Nextel™ 550 and 720 filaments.Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1999, 82(10): 2801.
[15] SCHMUCKER M, FLUCHT F, SCHNEIDER H.High temperature behaviour of polycrystalline aluminosilicate fibres with mullite bulk composition .1. Microstructure and strength properties.Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 1996, 16(2): 281.
[16] 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所, 中国航空制造技术研究院. 连续氧化物陶瓷纤维单丝拉伸性能测试方法: T/CBMF 97-2021. 北京: 中国建筑材料联合会,2021.
[17] WANG Y, CHENG H F, LIU H T, et al. Microstructure and room temperature mechanical properties of mullite fibers after heat-treatment at elevated temperatures. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2013, 578: 287.
[18] WANG X G, YANG Q Q, LIN G L,et al. High temperature tensile property of domestic 550-grade continuous alumina ceramic fiber. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(06): 629.
[19] HILDMANN B O, SCHNEIDER H, SCHMUCKER M.High temperature behaviour of polycrystalline aluminosilicate fibres with mullite bulk composition .2. Kinetics of mullite formation.Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 1996, 16(2): 287.
[20] RICHARDS E A, GOODBRAKE C J, SOWMAN H G.Reactions and microstructure development in mullite fibers.Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1991, 74(10): 2404.
[21] ZHANG W, YANG X, HUANG M, et al. Microstructure evolution and mechanical behavior of a mullite fiber heat-treated from 1100 to 1300 ℃. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2021, 105(2): 1442.
[22] HAY R S, FAIR G E, TIDBALL T, et al. Fiber strength after grain growth in Nextel™610 alumina fiber. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2015, 98(6): 1907.
[23] 王小飞, 邱海鹏, 陈明伟, 等. Nextel 720陶瓷纤维拉伸强度的韦布尔统计分析研究. 陶瓷学报, 2020, 41(05): 715.
[24] WILSON D M, VISSER L R.High performance oxide fibers for metal and ceramic composites.Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2001, 32(8): 1143.