石墨烯量子点/CdS/CdSe共敏化太阳能电池

doi:10.15541/jim20160698

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以三维锐钛矿TiO₂微球为上层光散射层材料, 以商业纳米TiO₂为下层连接材料, 采用刮刀法制备了一种新颖的双层TiO₂薄膜, 并应用于量子点敏化太阳能电池(QDSSC)。其中, 石墨烯量子点(GQDs)采用滴液法引入, CdS/CdSe量子点采用连续离子层吸附法(SILAR)制备。采用场发射扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射、紫外-可见漫反射光谱及荧光光谱对样品进行表征。实验还制备了CdS/CdSe量子点敏化及石墨烯量子点/CdS/CdSe共敏化太阳能电池, 并研究了石墨烯量子点及CdS不同敏化周期及对电池性能影响。研究结果表明, 石墨烯量子点及CdS不同敏化周期对薄膜的光学性质、电子传输及载流子复合均有较大影响。优选条件下, TiO₂/QGDs/CdS(4)/CdSe电池的光电转换效率为1.24%, 光电流密度为9.47 mA/cm², 显著高于TiO₂/CdS(4)/CdSe电池的这些参数(0.59%与6.22 mA/cm²)。这主要是由于TiO₂表层吸附石墨烯量子点后增强了电子的传输, 减少了载流子的复合。

关键词: 石墨烯量子点(GQDs), CdS/CdSe 量子点, TiO₂微球, 共敏化太阳能电池

Abstract:

Using three-dimensional anatase TiO₂ microspheres as light scattering overlayer and commercial TiO₂nanocrystalline as connecting underlayer, novel double-layered TiO₂ films were prepared by a doctor blade method for quantum dots sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) application. The graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were introduced by dripping, and the CdS/CdSe quantum dots were deposited by continuous ion-layer adsorption (SILAR) method, respectively. The prepared quantum dots sensitized thin films were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron miscroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Uv-vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and fluorescence spectra. CdS/CdSe quantum dots sensitized and GQDs/CdS/CdSe co-sensitized solar cells were fabricated, respectively. And the effects of GQDs and CdS quantum dots with different deposition cycles on the microstructures and the photovoltaic performance of the double-layered TiO₂QDSSCs were investigated and discussed. The results revealed that the introduced GQDs and the CdS deposition cycle obviously influenced the optical properties of the double-layered TiO₂ film. The electron transfer and charge-recombination process are also affected by the CdS deposition cycle and the introduced GQDs. Optimally, the conversion efficiency and photocurrent density of the TiO₂/QGDs/CdS(4)/CdSe solar cell is 1.24% and 9.47 mA/cm², respectively, which are higher than those (0.59% and 6.22 mA/cm², respectively) of the TiO₂/CdS(4)/CdSe cell. This is due to the effective electrons transport and reduced charge recombination within the co-sensitized cell.

Key words: graphene quantum dots (GQDs), CdS/CdSe quantum dots, TiO₂ microspheres, co-sensitized solar cells

中图分类号:

O643

刘永强, 黄浩, 翟进生, 马梦君, 范佳杰. 石墨烯量子点/CdS/CdSe共敏化太阳能电池[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(10): 1042-1048.

LIU Yong-Qiang, HUANG Hao, ZHAI Jin-Sheng, MA Meng-Jun, FAN Jia-Jie. Graphene Quantum Dots/CdS/CdSe Co-Sensitized Solar Cells[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(10): 1042-1048.

图/表 11

图1 TiO2微球的SEM照片(a), 量子点敏化后(CdS/CdSe)薄膜的平面(b)和断面(c)SEM照片以及EDX图谱(d)

Fig. 1 SEM images of TiO2 microspheres (a), surface (b), cross-section (c), and EDX pattern (d) of TiO2 film sensitized by CdS/CdSe QDs in (c)

图2 TiO2微球的TEM照片(a)、TiO2/CdS(4)/CdSe的TEM照片(b)和HRTEM照片(c)

Fig. 2 TEM images of TiO2 microspheres before (a) and after (b) being CdS/CdSe co-sensitized, and HRTEM image of QDs deposited on TiO2 film (c)

图3 (a)FTO基体、(b)FTO/TiO2薄膜和(c)FTO/TiO2/CdS(4)/ CdSe薄膜的XRD图谱

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of FTO substrate (a), FTO/TiO2 (b), and FTO/TiO2/CdS(4)/CdSe (c) films

图4 不同敏化周期薄膜的紫外-可见吸收光谱

Fig. 4 UV-Vis absorption spectra of TiO2 films sensitized by various QDs

图5 量子点敏化前后TiO2的带隙图

Fig. 5 Band gap diagram of TiO2 before and after quantum dot sensitization

图6 石墨烯量子点敏化后TiO2薄膜的荧光光谱

Fig. 6 PL spectra of TiO2 films sensitized by various GQDs

图7 不同敏化周期薄膜的荧光光谱

Fig. 7 PL spectra of TiO2 films sensitized by various QDs

图8 不同敏化周期薄膜光阳极的QDSSCs的I-V曲线

Fig. 8 Comparison of the I-V characteristics of QDSSCs made from TiO2 photoanodes sensitized by various QDs

表1 基于不同敏化周期薄膜光阳极的QDSSCs的I-V参数比较

Table 1 Comparison of the I-V characteristics of QDSSCs made from TiO2 photoanodes sensitized by various QDs

Samples	η /%	V_OC/V	FF	J_SC/(mA·cm^-2)
TiO₂/CdS(2)/CdSe	0.39	0.283	0.347	4.00
TiO₂/CdS(4)/CdSe	0.59	0.297	0.320	6.22
TiO₂/CdS(6)/CdSe	0.62	0.341	0.371	4.90
TiO₂/QGDs/CdS(2)/CdSe	0.61	0.316	0.342	5.62
TiO₂/QGDs/CdS(4)/CdSe	1.24	0.374	0.342	9.47
TiO₂/QGDs/CdS(6)/CdSe	1.05	0.395	0.324	8.23

图9 基于不同敏化周期光阳极QDSSCs的IPCE图谱

Fig. 9 IPCE spectra of QDSSCs prepared with various QDs-sensitized TiO2 photoanodes

图10 基于不同敏化周期光阳极QDSSCs的EIS图谱

Fig. 10 EIS spectra of QDSSCs prepared with various QDs-sensitized TiO2 photoanodes

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