SiC颗粒含量对(Ti,Zr,Hf,Ta,Cr)(C,N)-SiC陶瓷力学性能及耐烧蚀性能的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20250410

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多主元碳氮化物超高温陶瓷与传统体系相比具有更优异的高温稳定性及耐烧蚀性能, 但该类材料存在的本征脆性问题限制了其广泛应用。本研究通过引入第二相SiC颗粒(SiC_p), 采用机械合金化/原位氮化法结合放电等离子烧结技术制备了(Ti,Zr,Hf,Ta,Cr)(C,N)-SiC复相陶瓷, 并系统研究了SiC_p引入量对材料力学性能和耐烧蚀性能的影响规律。结果表明, 引入SiC_p有效提升了材料的力学性能, 当SiC_p的体积分数为20%时, 材料的断裂韧性达到(5.18±0.24) MPa·m^1/2, 相比(Ti,Zr,Hf,Ta,Cr)(C,N)陶瓷提升了31.5%, 其断裂韧性提升可归因于引入SiC_p所诱导的裂纹偏转与分叉等增韧机制。进一步对材料进行2100 ℃/120 s氧-乙炔焰流考核, 结果表明, 引入SiC_p还有效提升了材料的耐烧蚀性能。当SiC_p体积分数为20%时, 材料的耐烧蚀性能最佳, 其质量烧蚀率与线烧蚀率达到-0.92 mg/s和-1.17 μm/s, 优于多数已报道的传统超高温陶瓷。其耐烧蚀性能的提升可归因于高熔点复合氧化物骨架对低熔点SiO₂流动相的钉扎作用, 以及两者协同形成的多元致密氧化物保护膜对氧扩散的抑制作用。上述结果表明, 引入适量SiC_p可有效解决多主元碳氮化物超高温陶瓷本征脆性难题, 协同提升材料力学与耐烧蚀性能, 相关成果可为新一代高性能热防护材料研制提供理论基础与数据支撑。

关键词: 多主元碳氮化物陶瓷, SiC颗粒, 力学性能, 耐烧蚀性能

Abstract: Compared to conventional ultra-high temperature ceramics (UHTCs), multi-principal carbonitride UHTCs exhibit superior high-temperature stability and ablation resistance. However, the inherent brittleness of these materials poses a significant constraint on their widespread applications. To overcome this drawback, in this study, (Ti,Zr,Hf,Ta,Cr)(C,N)-SiC ceramics were fabricated by combining mechanical alloying/nitridation with spark plasma sintering through the introduction of a second-phase SiC particles (SiC_p) into the system, and influence of different SiC_p contents on the mechanical properties and ablation resistance of the materials was systematically investigated. The results indicate that incorporation of SiC_p effectively enhances the mechanical properties of the materials. When the volume fraction of SiC_p reaches 20%, the fracture toughness achieves (5.18±0.24) MPa·m^1/2, representing a substantial enhancement of 31.5% compared to the (Ti,Zr,Hf,Ta,Cr)(C,N) ceramic. This improvement in fracture toughness can be attributed to toughening mechanisms including crack deflection and branching owing to the introduction of SiC_p. Further oxygen-acetylene ablation tests at 2100 ℃ for 120 s demonstrate that incorporation of SiC_p also significantly enhances the ablation resistance of the material. The optimal performance is achieved at a SiC_p volume fraction of 20%, with a mass ablation of -0.92 mg/s and a linear ablation of -1.17 μm/s, outperforming most reported conventional UHTCs. The enhancement in ablation resistance can be attributed to the pinning effect exerted by a high-melting-point multicomponent oxide skeleton on the low-melting-point SiO₂ phase, as well as the synergistic formation of a multicomponent dense oxide barrier that effectively suppresses oxygen diffusion. This work presents a strategy to resolve the intrinsic brittleness of multi-principal carbonitride UHTCs through the optimal incorporation of SiC_p, which concurrently improves the mechanical properties and ablation resistance. These results provide a theoretical foundation and experimental data for the design of advanced thermal protection materials.

Key words: multi-principal carbonitride ceramic, SiC particle, mechanical property, ablation resistance

中图分类号:

TB35

彭裕超, 董源, 董顺, 夏莲森, 胡佩涛, 张幸红, 周延春. SiC颗粒含量对(Ti,Zr,Hf,Ta,Cr)(C,N)-SiC陶瓷力学性能及耐烧蚀性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250410.

PENG Yuchao, DONG Yuan, DONG Shun, XIA Liansen, HU Peitao, ZHANG Xinghong, ZHOU Yanchun. Effect of SiC Particle Content on Mechanical Properties and Ablation Resistance of (Ti,Zr,Hf,Ta,Cr)(C,N)-SiC Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250410.

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