高价态离子掺杂铌酸锂晶体光折变性能的研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20240525

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 铌酸锂(LiNbO₃, LN)是一种集声光、电光、弹光、光折变等优越物理特性于一身的多功能晶体, 不仅被誉为“光学硅”, 更有学者提出人类正在进入“铌酸锂谷”时代, 其优异的光电性能使基于其的各类光电器件在人工智能、光电混合集成等新兴领域都具有广阔的应用前景。光折变效应在铌酸锂晶体中被发现并成为其非常重要的特性。随着基于铌酸锂的光电器件在向微纳级尺寸迅速发展, 光折变效应在微纳级尺寸也已逐渐显现。铌酸锂单晶是非绝缘体上铌酸锂单晶薄膜(Lithium niobate on insulator, LNOI)技术制备各类器件的基材, 光折变性能可通过掺杂合适的杂质离子实现调控。相对于传统的低价态阳离子(化合价<铌离子的+5价), 近年来发现掺入高价态阳离子(化合价≥铌离子的+5价)更有利于提升铌酸锂晶体的光折变性能。本文对已有报道的高价态阳离子掺杂铌酸锂晶体光折变性能的研究成果进行了综述, 经过归纳总结出掺钒、钼、铀、铋等高价态离子可以显著提升LN晶体的光折变性能, 尤其是能够有效地缩短光折变响应时间, 这有利于LN在微环谐振器、可编程光子器件、非线性光子器件等微纳器件领域的应用。同时, 提出未来可围绕高价态离子掺杂LN, 在高质量大尺寸晶体生长技术、光折变机理、其他具有孤对电子的离子掺杂、探索基于其的光电器件这四方面进行研究。

关键词: 铌酸锂晶体, 高价态离子, 光折变性能, 综述

Abstract: Lithium niobate (LiNbO₃, LN) is an artificial crystal with excellent physical properties, such as acousto-optic, electro-optic, piezoelectric, and photorefractive, etc. It was not only regarded as "optical silicon", but also proposed that human beings are entering the era of "Lithium Niobate Valley". Its excellent optoelectronic properties have a wide prospect of applications in emerging fields, such as artificial intelligence and photoelectric hybrid module. Photorefractive was found and proved to be an important property of lithium niobate crystal. With the development of optoelectronic devices based on lithium niobate to micro- and nano- scale, photorefractive effect has gradually appeared. Single crystal lithium niobate is the basic material for preparing various devices based on lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI). The photorefractive properties can be adjusted by doping appropriate impurity ions. Comparing with normal ions (Valence < +5 valence of niobium ions), it has been found that the incorporation of high-valence ions (Valence ≥ +5 valence of niobium ions) can be more beneficial to improve the photorefractive performances of lithium niobate crystals in recent years. This paper summarizes the research progress of high-valence ion-doped lithium niobate crystals. The generalization and summarization show that doping V, Mo, U, Bi ions can be effective methods to adjust photorefractive properties of lithium niobate, which can be beneficial in micro-ring resonator, optically programmable photonic components, nonlinear photonic device, and other micro- and nano- scale devices based on LN. Meanwhile, it is proposed that further research based on high-valence ions doped lithium niobate can be carried out in four aspects: high-quality and size crystal growth, photorefractive mechanism, other ion doping with lone-pair electrons, and exploration of optoelectronic devices based on them.

Key words: lithium niobate, high valence ions, photorefractive performance, review

中图分类号:

O734

田甜, 方辰恺, 张杰, 王维维, 伍霆锋, 徐家跃. 高价态离子掺杂铌酸锂晶体光折变性能的研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20240525.

TIAN Tian, FANG Chenkai, ZHANG Jie, WANG Weiwei, WU Tingfeng, XU Jiayue. Research Progress on the Photorefraction of Lithium Niobate Crystal Doped with High Valence Ion[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20240525.

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