Damage of 2D-SiC/SiC Composites under Projectile Impact and Tensile Properties after Impact

doi:10.15541/jim20230474

Abstract

Abstract:

Continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites are widely used for high temperature components like aerospace engines due to their superior performance at elevated temperature. However, these materials are susceptible to damage from foreign object debris during service, which has become a significant concern. To investigate the impact damage characteristics of 2D-SiC/SiC composites, this study utilized a light gas gun to subject specimens prepared using chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) technology to ballistic impact. The impact processes were recorded with a high-speed camera, while the surface and internal structures of foreign object damage (FOD) were examined by optical microscopy and computed tomography (CT). This investigation revealed that conical cracks, interlaminar delamination, fiber fracture, and matrix collapse were the primary manifestations of high-speed impact damage. Damage characterization indicated that backside damage and edge delamination damage were caused by reflected tensile waves. As the impact velocity increased, the combined action of the projectile and tensile waves resulted in specimen penetration and weakening of edge delamination damage. Quasi-static tensile tests on high-speed impact specimens elucidated the relationship between residual mechanical properties and impact velocity, as well as projectile diameter. The results showed that residual tensile strength was a crucial parameter indicative of the severity of impact damage. Additionally, digital image correlation (DIC) was employed to determine strain distribution during tensile processes. By integrating residual tensile strength after impact with different projectile diameters and impact velocities, the study further explored the effect of varied parameters on impact damage. The research findings highlighted that projectile diameter as the primary factor influencing the extent of high-speed impact damage.

Key words: ceramic matrix composite, high-speed impact, foreign object damage, residual tensile strength, digital image correlation technology

CLC Number:

TQ174

LI Guangyu, YUE Yifan, WANG Bo, ZHANG Chengyu, SUO Tao, LI Yulong. Damage of 2D-SiC/SiC Composites under Projectile Impact and Tensile Properties after Impact[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(5): 494-500.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1 Structural diagram of fiber preform

Fig. 2 Schematic of specimen for impact test (Unit: mm)

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of impact test device 1: Gun barrel; 2: Projectile holder; 3: Rubber ring; 4: Spherical projectile; 5: Projectile catcher; 6: Specimen; 7: Specimen fixture; 8: Recovery system; 9: Light source; 10: High-speed camera

Table 1 Impact velocity and energy of bullet with different diameters

Bullet diameter/mm	Velocity/(m·s^-1)	Energy/J
3	110	0.67
	170	1.60
	260	3.73
2	260	1.11
4	170	3.78

Fig. 4 Picture of DIC device (a) and image of spray spot specimen (b)

Fig. 5 Optical damage morphologies of specimens under different impact velocities (a) 110 m/s; (b) 170 m/s; (c) 260 m/s

Table 2 Damage diameters of front surface and dent depths of specimens under different impact velocities

Impact velocity/ (m·s^-1)	Front surface damage diameter/mm	Dent depth/ mm
110	1.67	0.35
170	2.30	0.57
260	2.90	1.03

Fig. 6 CT section images of SiC/SiC specimens under different impact velocities (a) 110 m/s; (b) 170 m/s; (c) 260 m/s

Fig. 7 Residual tensile strength curve of 2D-SiC/SiC specimen after impact

Fig. 8 Tensile damage morphologies of specimens after impact at different velocities (a) Unimpacted; (b) 110 m/s; (c) 170 m/s; (d) 260 m/s

Fig. 9 Damage morphologies of specimens impacted by different projectile diameters (a) D=2 mm, V=260 m/s; (b) D=4 mm, V=170 m/s

Table 3 DIC strain nephograms of SiC/SiC specimens after impact

Stage	ε_yy	D=2 mm, V=260 m/s	D=3 mm, V=110 m/s	D=3 mm, V=260 m/s	D=4 mm, V=170 m/s
I	0.1ε_yy
II	0.4ε_yy
III	0.8ε_yy
III	0.9ε_yy

Fig. 10 Stress-strain curves of SiC/SiC specimens impacted by projectiles with different diameters (a) D=3 mm, V=110 m/s; D=2 mm, V=260 m/s; (b) D=3 mm, V=260 m/s; D=4 mm, V=170 m/s

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