基于纳米材料与纳米结构的纳米电源研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20130691

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着现代社会的发展和能源危机的来临, 探索和寻找新的能源材料, 开发新能源是人类的永恒课题。自2006年基于ZnO纳米线压电效应的压电式纳米电源问世以来, 又研制出多种基于纳米材料和纳米结构, 以及不同纳米效应的新型纳米电源。本文综述了近10年来, 人们在纳米电源领域的研究成果; 系统介绍了基于压电效应、摩擦效应以及石墨烯能带调控纳米电源的原理和特点, 为今后新型纳米电源的开发提供思路和参考。

关键词: 纳米电源, 压电效应, 摩擦起电效应, 石墨烯

Abstract:

With the development of society and energy crisis, searching for new energy materials and developing new energy have been one of the eternal subjects. Since the piezoelectric nanogenerator based on ZnO was developed in 2006, many nanogenerators have been developed based on nanomaterials and nanostructures due to their different nano-effects. This paper reviews the scientific achievements on nanogenerators in nearly 10 years, and introduces the principles of the nanogenerators based on piezoelectric effect, triboelectric effect and modulation of the graphene band, which provide references for the development of new nanogenerator in the future.

Key words: nanogenerator, piezoelectric effect, triboelectric effect, graphene

中图分类号:

TB34

潘春旭, 李伟平, 张豫鹏, 余超智, 黎德龙. 基于纳米材料与纳米结构的纳米电源研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2014, 29(9): 897-904.

PAN Chun-Xu, LI Wei-Ping, ZHANG Yu-Peng, YU Chao-Zhi, LI De-Long. Research Progress on Nanogenerators Based on Nanomaterials and Nanostructures[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2014, 29(9): 897-904.

图/表 10

图1 压电式纳米电源的工作原理和电荷输出过程[12]

Fig. 1 Principle and charge output process of the piezoelectric nanogenerator[12]

图2 GaN纳米线各向异性示意图[21]

Fig. 2 Anisotropy schematic of GaN nanowires[21]

图3 PZT纳米电源结构与工作原理[22]

Fig. 3 Structure and principle of PZT nanogenerator[22]

图4 PET-PDMS摩擦式纳米电源的工作原理和电荷输出过程[30]

Fig. 4 Principle and charge output process of the PET-PDMS triboelectric nanogenerator[30]

图5 Kapton-PDMS摩擦式纳米电源的多层结构[31]

Fig. 5 Multilayer structure of Kapton-PDMS triboelectric nanogenerator[31]

图6 Al-PTFE电极纳米电源结构与共振频率测试[33]

Fig. 6 Structure and resonance frequency test of Al-PTFE triboelectric nanogenerator[33]

图7 基于“三明治”复合结构的摩擦式纳米电源[34]

Fig. 7 Triboelectric nanogenerator based "sandwich" composite structure[34]

图8 石墨烯/PDMS应力拉伸的宏观形貌与单层石墨烯应变状态的电化学响应[41]

Fig. 8 Macro-morphology and electrochemical response of graphene/PDMS strained film[41]

图9 微流测试示意图[42]

Fig. 9 Schematic layout of the flow test facility[42]

图10 电流产生机制示意图[43]

Fig. 10 Working mechanism for the generation of streaming current[43]

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