化学气相渗透2D-SiCf/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能及损伤机理

doi:10.15541/jim20190450

无机材料学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (7): 817-821.DOI: 10.15541/jim20190450 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20190450

所属专题：结构陶瓷论文精选(2020)

化学气相渗透2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能及损伤机理

王西^1,²,王克杰¹,柏辉¹,宋卓林^1,²,王波³,张程煜^1,²()

1. 西北工业大学超高温结构复合材料重点实验室
2. 西北工业大学西北工业大学-斯洛伐克科学院联合研究中心
3. 西北工业大学航空学院, 西安 710072

收稿日期:2019-09-02 修回日期:2019-10-27 出版日期:2020-07-20 网络出版日期:2019-12-04
作者简介:王西(1996-), 女, 硕士研究生. E-mail: wangxi_nwpu.@163.com
WANG Xi (1996-), female, Master candidate. E-mail: wangxi_nwpu.@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51572224);超高温结构复合材料重点实验室创新基金(614291105011717)

Creep Properties and Damage Mechanisms of 2D-SiC_f/SiC Composites Prepared by CVI

WANG Xi^1,²,WANG Kejie¹,BAI Hui¹,SONG Zhuolin^1,²,WANG Bo³,ZHANG Chengyu^1,²()

1. Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
2. NPU-SAS Joint Research Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
3. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China

Received:2019-09-02 Revised:2019-10-27 Published:2020-07-20 Online:2019-12-04
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51572224);Creative Research Foundation of Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory(614291105011717)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究了采用化学气相渗透工艺制备2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的真空蠕变性能, 蠕变温度为 1200、1300和1400 ℃, 应力水平范围为100~140 MPa。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(TEM)分别观察分析了2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的蠕变断口形貌和微观结构。结果表明, 2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的主要蠕变损伤模式包括基体开裂、界面脱粘和纤维蠕变。桥接裂纹的纤维发生蠕变并促进了基体裂纹的张开、位移增大, 进一步导致复合材料蠕变断裂, 在复合材料蠕变过程中起决定性作用。2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能与SiC纤维微观结构的稳定性密切相关。在1200 ℃/100 MPa时, 纤维晶粒没有长大, 复合材料的蠕变断裂时间大于200 h; 蠕变温度为1400 ℃时, 纤维晶粒明显长大, 2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料蠕变断裂时间缩短至8.6 h, 稳态蠕变速率增大了三个数量级。

关键词: 2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料, 蠕变性能, 蠕变损伤, SiC纤维

Abstract:

The creep properties of 2D-SiC_f/SiC composites prepared by chemical vapor infiltration were studied. The creep temperatures were 1200, 1300 and 1400 ℃, and the stress levels ranged from 100 MPa to 140 MPa. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the fracture morphology, and their microstructure was analyzed by high resolution transmission electron microscope. The results show that the creep damage modes of 2D-SiC_f/SiC composites mainly include the generation of matrix crack, interfacial debonding and fiber creep. The creep of bridging fibers leads to increase of the opening distance of the matrix cracks and further creep rupture of the composite. The microstructural stability of the SiC fiber plays a critical role in the creep properties of 2D-SiC_f/SiC composites. SiC grains in the fibers of 2D-SiC_f/SiC composites do not grow when it is crept at 1200 ℃/100 MPa. However, the grains grow significantly when the creep temperature increases to 1400 ℃. The creep rupture time decreases to 8.6 h from above 200 h, and the steady-state creep rate increases by three orders of magnitude.

Key words: 2D-SiC_f/SiC composite, creep properties, creep damage, SiC fiber

中图分类号:

TQ174

王西,王克杰,柏辉,宋卓林,王波,张程煜. 化学气相渗透2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能及损伤机理[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(7): 817-821.

WANG Xi,WANG Kejie,BAI Hui,SONG Zhuolin,WANG Bo,ZHANG Chengyu. Creep Properties and Damage Mechanisms of 2D-SiC_f/SiC Composites Prepared by CVI[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(7): 817-821.

图/表 11

表1 SiC纤维的基本性能

Table 1 Properties of the SiC fiber

Diameter/μm	Density/(g?cm^-3)	Tensile strength/GPa	Tensile modulus/GPa
14	2.74	2.7	270

表2 SiCf/SiC复合材料的基本性能

Table 2 Properties of the SiCf/SiC composite

Density/(g?cm^-3)	Tensile strength/MPa	Tensile modulus/GPa	Porosity/%
2.5	225	220	~23

图1 2D-SiCf/SiC的蠕变试样形状与尺寸

Fig. 1 Shape and dimensions for creep specimen of 2D-SiCf/ SiC composites

图2 2D-SiCf/SiC在1200 ℃不同应力条件下的蠕变曲线

Fig. 2 Creep curves at 1200 ℃ under different stresses for 2D-SiCf/SiC composites

表3 2D-SiCf/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能

Table 3 Creep properties of 2D-SiCf/SiC composites

Temperature/ ℃	Stress/ MPa	Rupture time/h	Steady-state creep strain rate/s^-1
1200	100	216.0	6.1′10^-9
1200	120	89.0	2.2′10^-8
1200	140	50.0	4.5′10^-8
1300	100	121.0	4.4′10^-8
1300	120	53.0	4.9′10^-8
1300	140	22.0	2.0′10^-7
1400	100	8.6	1.5′10^-6

图3 不同蠕变条件下2D-SiCf/SiC试样的宏观断口照片

Fig. 3 Fracture morphologies of 2D-SiCf/SiC composites at different creep conditions (a) 1200 ℃/100 MPa; (b) 1200 ℃/120 MPa; (c) 1200 ℃/140 MPa; (d) 1300 ℃/100 MPa;(e) 1400 ℃/100 MPa

图4 1200 ℃/100 MPa蠕变试样裂纹的宏观照片

Fig. 4 Crack image of creep specimen at 1200 ℃/100 MPa

图5 稳态蠕变速率ε与应力σ和温度T之间的关系

Fig. 5 Relationship between steady state creep strain rate and stress σ, temperature T (a) Steady-state creep strain rate versus stress; (b) Steady-state creep strain rate vs temperature

图6 2D-SiCf/SiC复合材料原始试样的TEM照片

Fig. 6 TEM images of as-received 2D-SiCf/SiC composite (a) Bright image; (b) HRTEM and SAED of SiC fiber

图7 2D-SiCf/SiC复合材料蠕变后SiC纤维的HRTEM照片及其衍射图谱

Fig. 7 HRTEM and SAED images of SiC fiber in crept 2D-SiCf/SiC composites (a) 1200 ℃/100 MPa; (b) 1400 ℃/100 MPa

图8 2D-SiCf/SiC复合材料不同蠕变条件下的SiC纤维晶粒尺寸分布图

Fig. 8 Grain size distributions of SiC fibers in 2D-SiCf/SiC composites at different creep conditions

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化学气相渗透2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能及损伤机理

Creep Properties and Damage Mechanisms of 2D-SiC_f/SiC Composites Prepared by CVI

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化学气相渗透2D-SiCf/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能及损伤机理

Creep Properties and Damage Mechanisms of 2D-SiCf/SiC Composites Prepared by CVI

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化学气相渗透2D-SiC_f/SiC复合材料的蠕变性能及损伤机理

Creep Properties and Damage Mechanisms of 2D-SiC_f/SiC Composites Prepared by CVI