碳化硼颗粒级配对硅反应结合碳化硼复合材料结构与性能的影响

doi:10.15541/jim20210452

无机材料学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 636-642.DOI: 10.15541/jim20210452

所属专题：【结构材料】陶瓷基复合材料

碳化硼颗粒级配对硅反应结合碳化硼复合材料结构与性能的影响

夏乾(), 孙是昊, 赵义亮, 张翠萍(), 茹红强(), 王伟, 岳新艳

东北大学材料科学与工程学院, 材料各向异性与织构教育部重点实验室, 沈阳 110819

收稿日期:2021-07-15 修回日期:2021-08-19 出版日期:2022-06-20 网络出版日期:2021-09-27
通讯作者: 张翠萍, 讲师. E-mail: zhangcp@smm.neu.edu.cn;
茹红强, 教授. E-mail: ruhq@smm.neu.edu.cn
作者简介:夏乾(1995-), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail: 1910177@stu.neu.edu.cn
基金资助:
辽宁省自然科学基金(2019-MS-126);国家自然科学基金(51772048);装备预先研究项目(41422010905);装备预先研究项目(41422010903);国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0310300)

Effect of Boron Carbide Particle Size Distribution on the Microstructure and Properties of Reaction Bonded Boron Carbide Ceramic Composites by Silicon Infiltration

XIA Qian(), SUN Shihao, ZHAO Yiliang, ZHANG Cuiping(), RU Hongqiang(), WANG Wei, YUE Xinyan

Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China

Received:2021-07-15 Revised:2021-08-19 Published:2022-06-20 Online:2021-09-27
Contact: ZHANG Cuiping, lecturer. E-mail: zhangcp@smm.neu.edu.cn;
RU Hongqiang, professor. E-mail: ruhq@smm.neu.edu.cn
About author:XIA Qian (1995–), male, PhD candidate. E-mail: 1910177@stu.neu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2019-MS-126);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51772048);Equipment Pre Research Project(41422010905);Equipment Pre Research Project(41422010903);National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFB0310300)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究探讨了碳化硼原料颗粒尺寸对反应结合碳化硼复合材料相组成、结构与性能的影响。研究结果表明:颗粒级配可以使粉体堆积更加密实, 有效提高压制坯体的体积密度, 最终降低复合材料中游离Si的含量; 加入粗颗粒可减缓B₄C与Si的反应, 减少SiC相的生成; 当原料中粒径为3.5、14、28、45 μm的B₄C粉体按质量比为1.5 : 4 : 1.5 : 3配比时, 所制备的复合材料维氏硬度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性和体积密度分别为(29±5) GPa、(320±32) MPa、(3.9±0.2) MPa·m^1/2和2.51 g/cm³。在制备复合材料过程中减缓B₄C与Si反应速度、减少游离Si的含量和缩小Si区域尺寸是其性能升高的主要原因。

关键词: 反应结合碳化硼, 熔渗Si, 颗粒级配, 显微组织, 力学性能

Abstract:

Effect of particle size of boron carbide raw material on the phase composition, microstructure and properties of reaction bonded boron carbide composites was investigated. It was found that particle gradation can make the powder packing more compact and effectively improve the volume density of green body, decreasing the content of free Si in the composites. Addition of coarse particles can reduce the reaction between B₄C and Si, which can generate SiC phase. When the weight ratio of B₄C powders with different particle sizes (3.5, 14, 28, 45 μm) is 1.5 : 4 : 1.5 : 3, the Vickers hardness, flexure strength, fracture toughness and volume density of the composites are (29±5) GPa, (320±32) MPa, (3.9±0.2) MPa·m^1/2 and 2.51g/cm³, respectively. The retard of reaction between B₄C and Si, and the decrease of free Si content along with the shrinkage of size of Si zone in the composites, are the main reasons for the improvement of the composite mechanical properties.

Key words: reaction bonded boron carbide, Si infiltration, particle size distribution, microstructure, mechanical properties

中图分类号:

TB333

夏乾, 孙是昊, 赵义亮, 张翠萍, 茹红强, 王伟, 岳新艳. 碳化硼颗粒级配对硅反应结合碳化硼复合材料结构与性能的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(6): 636-642.

XIA Qian, SUN Shihao, ZHAO Yiliang, ZHANG Cuiping, RU Hongqiang, WANG Wei, YUE Xinyan. Effect of Boron Carbide Particle Size Distribution on the Microstructure and Properties of Reaction Bonded Boron Carbide Ceramic Composites by Silicon Infiltration[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(6): 636-642.

图/表 11

表1 B4C原料粉体的颗粒级配配方(%, 质量分数)

Table 1 Ratio of B4C raw material powders with different particle size distributions (%, in mass)

Group	Diameter of B₄C powders (D₅₀)/μm
Group	3.5	14	28	45	70	120
1	100	0	0	0	0	0
2	15	40	15	30	0	0
3	33	25	0	42	0	0
4	26	32	0	42	0	0
5	40	24	0	0	36	0
6	30	28	0	0	36	0
7	33	25	0	0	42	0
8	40	0	18	0	0	42
9	30	0	28	0	0	42
10	19	14	25	0	0	42
11	20	15	0	0	0	65
12	0	0	0	0	0	100

图1 不同颗粒级配配方B4C粉体的振实密度

Fig. 1 Tap densities of B4C powders with different particle size distributions Groups chosen for further characterization

图2 不同颗粒级配配方坯体的体积密度和开口气孔率

Fig. 2 Volume densities and open porosity of green bodies with different particle size distributions

图3 不同颗粒级配配方RBBC复合材料的XRD图谱

Fig. 3 XRD patterns of RBBC composites with different particle size distributions (a) XRD patterns of RBBC composites; (b) Diffraction peaks of B4C; (c) Diffraction peaks of SiC

图4 R2组复合材料的SEM照片及对应区域EDS成分分析(%, 原子分数)

Fig. 4 SEM image of R2 RBBC composite and corresponding EDS analyses of the selected area(%, atom percent)

图5 不同颗粒级配配方RBBC复合材料的SEM照片

Fig. 5 SEM images of RBBC composites with different particle size distributions (a) R1; (b) R2; (c) R10; (d) R11; (e) R12

表2 不同颗粒级配配方RBBC复合材料的相组成(体积分数)

Table 2 Phase composition of RBBC composites with different particle size distributions (%, in volume)

Group	Theoretical		Actual
Group	B₄C	Si	B₄C+B₁₂(C,Si,B)₃	SiC	Si
R1	54.8	45.2	57.3	14.2	28.5
R2	62.7	37.3	63.9	13.3	22.8
R10	68.7	31.3	67.8	5.2	27.0
R11	69.9	30.1	69.4	5.1	25.5
R12	54.4	45.6	53.8	3.5	42.7

表3 不同颗粒级配配方RBBC复合材料的开口气孔率和体积密度

Table 3 Volume densities and open porosities of RBBC composites with different particle size distributions

Group	Open porosity/%	Volume density/(g·cm^-3)
R1	0.16	2.50
R2	0.16	2.51
R10	0.25	2.50
R11	0.22	2.51
R12	0.26	2.47

图6 不同颗粒级配配方RBBC复合材料的维氏硬度

Fig. 6 Vickers hardness of RBBC composites with different particle size distributions

图7 不同颗粒级配配方RBBC复合材料的抗弯强度

Fig. 7 Flexural strength of RBBC composites with different particle size distributions

图8 不同颗粒级配配方RBBC复合材料的断裂韧性

Fig. 8 Fracture toughness of RBBC composites with different particle size distributions

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碳化硼颗粒级配对硅反应结合碳化硼复合材料结构与性能的影响

Effect of Boron Carbide Particle Size Distribution on the Microstructure and Properties of Reaction Bonded Boron Carbide Ceramic Composites by Silicon Infiltration

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