基于声发射信号的三维针刺C/SiC复合材料拉伸损伤演化研究

doi:10.15541/jim20170355

无机材料学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 609-616.DOI: 10.15541/jim20170355 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20170355

所属专题：陶瓷基复合材料

基于声发射信号的三维针刺C/SiC复合材料拉伸损伤演化研究

黄喜鹏¹, 王波², 杨成鹏¹, 潘文革¹, 刘小瀛³

西北工业大学 1. 力学与土木建筑学院, 西安 710129; 2. 航空学院, 西安 710072; 3. 超高温结构复合材料重点实验室, 西安 710072;

收稿日期:2017-08-07 修回日期:2017-11-09 出版日期:2018-06-20 网络出版日期:2018-05-24
作者简介:黄喜鹏(1994-), 男, 硕士研究生. E-mail: huangxp_nwpu@163.com
基金资助:
超高温结构复合材料重点实验室创新基金(6142911050116);国家自然科学基金(51275422)

Evaluating Damage Evolution of Three-dimension Needled C/SiC Composite Based on Acoustic Emission Signal Analysis

HUANG Xi-Peng¹, WANG Bo², YANG Cheng-Peng¹, PAN Wen-Ge¹, LIU Xiao-Ying³

1. School of Mechanics, Civil Engineering and Architecture, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710129, China;
2. School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;
3. Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China;

Received:2017-08-07 Revised:2017-11-09 Published:2018-06-20 Online:2018-05-24
About author:HUANG Xi-Peng. E-mail: huangxp_nwpu@163.com
Supported by:
Creative Research Foundation of Science and Technology on Thermostructural Composite Materials Laboratory (6142911050116);Natural Science Foundation of China (51275422)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究对三维针刺C/SiC(3-dimension needled C/SiC, 3D-N C/SiC)复合材料进行室温单调拉伸和拉伸加载-卸载试验, 利用声发射技术对试样损伤演化进行动态监测。采用K-均值聚类分析方法对小波降噪后的声发射信号进行了损伤模式识别, 结合试样断口扫描电镜观测, 发现3D-N C/SiC复合材料在拉伸载荷作用下主要存在五类损伤模式: 基体开裂、界面脱粘、界面滑移、纤维断裂和纤维束断裂。通过快速傅里叶变换(FFT)方法对小波降噪后的信号进行频谱分析得出: 3D-N C/SiC复合材料在拉伸载荷作用下主要存在240、370和455 kHz三种频率的损伤信号, 分别对应于界面损伤、基体损伤和纤维损伤。结合单调拉伸试验过程声发射信号能量柱分布和加卸载过程累积能量曲线特征, 分析了试样损伤演化机理。

关键词: C/SiC复合材料, 声发射, 聚类分析, 损伤机理

Abstract:

Static tensile test of three dimension needled C/SiC composite material (3D-N C/SiC) was carried out at room temperature and damage processes of the composite was monitored online by an acoustic emission (AE) instrument. Noise information in the AE signals was removed according to Wavelet theory, and K-means clustering was used to analyze the AE signals. Combined with SEM observation, five damage modes were found during the tension: matrix cracking, interfacial debonding, interfacial sliding, individual fiber breakage, and fiber bundle rupture. The damage signal of 3D-N C/SiC composite contained three main frequencies at 240, 370 and 455 kHz, corresponding to interface damage, matrix damage and fiber fracture, respectively. Damage evolutionary mechanism was proposed through AE events and cumulative energy variation with loading time.

Key words: C/SiC composite, acoustic emission, K-means cluster, damage mechanism

中图分类号:

TB332

黄喜鹏, 王波, 杨成鹏, 潘文革, 刘小瀛. 基于声发射信号的三维针刺C/SiC复合材料拉伸损伤演化研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2018, 33(6): 609-616.

HUANG Xi-Peng, WANG Bo, YANG Cheng-Peng, PAN Wen-Ge, LIU Xiao-Ying. Evaluating Damage Evolution of Three-dimension Needled C/SiC Composite Based on Acoustic Emission Signal Analysis[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(6): 609-616.

图/表 15

图1 3D-N C/SiC横截面显微照片

Fig. 1 Micrograph of 3D-N C/SiC sample cross-section

图2 拉伸试样尺寸示意图

Fig. 2 Schematic drawing for sizes of tensile sample

图3 3D-N C/SiC应力-应变曲线和声发射信号能量分布

Fig. 3 Stress-strain curve and AE energy distribution during monotonic tension for the 3D-N C/SiC composite

图4 3D-N C/SiC拉伸加卸载应力-应变曲线

Fig. 4 Stress-strain curve of 3D-N C/SiC during cycled loading- unloading-reloading procedure

表1 3D-N C/SiC复合材料拉伸基本力学性能

Table 1 Tensile mechanical properties of 3D-N C/SiC

Modulus/ GPa	Strength/ MPa	Failure strain/%	Elastic limit/MPa	Poisson’s ratio
104.29	115.06	0.3061	37.67	0.08

图5 3D-N C/SiC拉伸加卸载过程中声发射特征

Fig. 5 Acoustic emission feature during cycled loading- unloading-reloading procedure

图6 目标函数$\hat{J}$值随K值变化曲线

Fig. 6 $\hat{J}$ index change with clustering number K

图7 幅值对能量聚类结果分布图

Fig. 7 Clustering chart of amplitude vs. energy distribution

表2 聚类中心坐标值

Table 2 Numerical value of the clustering center

Cluster	1	2	3	4	5
Amplitude/mV	226.4	1147.5	496.2	64.4	122.5
Energy/(mV×ms)	34.2	78.4	49.0	12.5	22.0

图8 3D-N C/SiC声发射事件随应力分布及特征点信号波频谱特征

Fig. 8 Characteristics of acoustic emission events with stress distribution in 3D-N C/SiC (a) and spectral characteristics of the signal wave at point A (b), B (c), C (d), D (e) and E (f) in (a)

图9 3D-N C/SiC试样(a)拉伸断口显微照片和(b)拉伸断口的微观形貌

Fig. 9 Micrograph (50×) of fractured surface and (b) micrograph (2000×) of fractured surface of 3N-C/SiC composite material after tensile stress

图10 横向基体裂纹扩展

Fig. 10 Schematic diagram of transverse propagation of transverse matrix crack

图11 卸载模量和残余应变随卸载应力的变化

Fig. 11 ER/E0 and residual strain vs. stressER: Unloading modulus; E0: Elastic modulus; εR: Residual strain; σR: Unloading stress

图12 0°层基体裂纹

Fig. 12 Schematic diagram of matrix crack in 0° layer

表3 损伤模式的声发射参数特征及演化过程描述

Table 3 Characterization of acoustic emission signals and description of the damage modes

Damage modes	Cluster	Energy/(mV·ms)	Frequency/kHz	Description
Matrix cracking	1	20-80	370	When the load exceeds the proportional limit (37 MPa), crack begins to form and spreads until the sample fails.
Interface debonding	5	10-40	240	When crack extends to the fiber, it deflects and expands along the interface.
Interfacial slipping	4	0-20	240
Fiber breakage	3	40-80	455	As cracks become saturated, the fibers begin to break.
Fiber cluster failure	2	70-260	594	That cracks in the material expand rapidly to form macro-cracks attributes to fiber bundle breakage.

参考文献 26

[1]	CHEN XIAO-MING, CHEN LI, ZHANG CHUN-YAN,et al. Three-dimensional needle-punching for composites - a review. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2016, 85: 12-30.
[2]	KADIR BILISIK.Three-dimensional braiding for composites: a review.Textile Research Journal, 2012, 83(13): 1414-1436.
[3]	NIE JING-JIANG, XU YONG-DONG, ZHANG LI-TONG,et al. Microstructure and tensile behavior of multiply needled C/SiC composite fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2009, 209(1): 572-576.
[4]	CHEN ZHEN, FANG GUO-DONG, XIE JUN-BO,et al. Experimental study of high-temperature tensile mechanical properties of 3D needled C/C-SiC composites. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2016, 654(10): 271-277.
[5]	XU HUA-JIE, ZHANG LI-TONG, CHENG LAI-FEI.The yarn size dependence of tensile and in-plane shear properties of three- dimensional needled textile reinforced ceramic matrix composites.Materials & Design, 2015, 67: 428-435.
[6]	XIE JUN-BO, FANG GUO-DONG, CHEN ZHEN, et al. An anisotropic elastoplastic damage constitutive model for 3D needled C/C-SiC composites. Composite Structures, 2017, 176: 164-177.
[7]	ZARIF KARIMI N, MINAK G, KIANFAR P.Analysis of damage mechanisms in drilling of composite materials by acoustic emission.Composite Structures, 2015, 131: 107-114.
[8]	MEI HUI, SUN YU-YAO, ZHANG LI-TONG,et al. Acoustic emission characterization of fracture toughness for fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2013, 560: 372-376.
[9]	MAILLET E, BAKER C, MORSCHER G N,et al. Feasibility and limitations of damage identification in composite materials using acoustic emission. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2015, 75: 77-83.
[10]	CHANG YAN-JUN, JIAO GUI-QIONG, ZHANG KE-SHI,et al. Investigation on tensile properties for 3D C/SiC composites by acoustic emission. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2010, 27(6): 82-87.
[11]	MOMON S, GODIN N, REYNAUD P,et al. Unsupervised and supervised classification of AE data collected during fatigue test on CMC at high temperature. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2012, 43(2): 254-260.
[12]	TONG XIAO-YAN, ZHANG JIA-LI, YAO LEI-JIANG, et al. Cluster analysis of acoustic emission signals of 2D-C/SiC under tensile loading. Chinese Journal of Solid Mechanics, 2014, 35(2): 109-114.
[13]	YAN LIAN-SHENG, CUI HONG, LI KE-ZHI, et al. Preparation and properties of carbon fiber needling preform reinforced silicon carbide composite. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2008, 23(2): 223-228.
[14]	JEONG H.Analysis of plate wave propagation in anisotropic laminates using a wavelet transform.NDT & E International, 2001, 34(3): 185-190.
[15]	MORIZET N, GODIN N, TAMG J, et al. Classification of acoustic emission signals using wavelets and random forests: application to localized corrosion. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2016, 70-71: 1026-1037.
[16]	SAIDANE E H, SCIDA D, ASSARAR M,et al. Damage mechanisms assessment of hybrid flax-glass fiber composites using acoustic emission. Composite Structures, 2017, 174(Supplement C): 1-11.
[17]	MORSCHER G, SINGH M, KISER J,et al. Modeling stress- dependent matrix cracking and stress-strain behavior in 2D woven SiC fiber reinforced CVI SiC composites. Composites Science and Technology, 2007, 67(6): 1009-1017.
[18]	BREEDE F, KOCH D, MAILLET E,et al. Modal acoustic emission of damage accumulation in C/C-SiC composites with different fiber architectures. Ceramic International, 2015, 41(9, Part B): 12087-12098.
[19]	LI PAN, WANG BO, ZHEN WEN-QIANG.Tensile constitutive model of 2D-SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composites.China Ceramic Industry, 2013, 20(5): 10-14.
[20]	LI LI, LOMOV S V, YAN X,et al. Cluster analysis of acoustic emission signals for 2D and 3D woven glass/epoxy composites. Composite Structures, 2014, 116(1): 286-299.
[21]	ECH-CHOUDARY Y, ASSARAR M, SCIDA D,et al. Unsupervised clustering for building a learning database of acoustic emission signals to identify damage mechanisms in unidirectional laminates. Applied Acoustics, 2017, 123: 123-132.
[22]	XU YONG-DONG, CHENG LAI-FEI, ZHANG LI-TONG.Carbon/ silicon carbide composites prepared by chemical vapor infiltration combined with silicon melt infiltration. Carbon, 1999, 37(8): 1179-1187.
[23]	SINGH Y P, MANSOUR R, MORSCHER G N.Combined acoustic emission and multiple lead potential drop measurements in detailed examination of crack initiation and growth during inter-laminar testing of ceramic matrix composites.Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2017, 97: 93-99.
[24]	SUN ZHI-GANG, SHAO HONG-YAN, NIU XU-MING,et al. Failure simulation of unidirectional fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites based on evolving compliant interfacial debonding model. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2016, 663: 78-85.
[25]	MORSCHER G N, GORDON N A.Acoustic emission and electrical resistance in SiC-based laminate ceramic composites tested under tensile loading.Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2017, 37(13): 3861-3872.
[26]	GUTKIN R, GREEN C J, VANGRATTANACHAI S,et al. On acoustic emission for failure investigation in CFRP: pattern recognition and peak frequency analyses. Mechanical Systems & Signal Processing, 2011, 25(4): 1393-1407.

基于声发射信号的三维针刺C/SiC复合材料拉伸损伤演化研究

Evaluating Damage Evolution of Three-dimension Needled C/SiC Composite Based on Acoustic Emission Signal Analysis

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 15

参考文献 26

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	全文心, 余艺平, 方冰, 李伟, 王松. 管状C/SiC复合材料高温空气氧化行为与宏细观建模研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(8): 920-928.
[2]	吴晓晨, 郑瑞晓, 李露, 马浩林, 赵培航, 马朝利. SiC_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料高温环境损伤原位监测研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(6): 609-622.
[3]	沈轩逸, 马沁, 薛玉冬, 廖春景, 朱敏, 张翔宇, 杨金山, 董绍明. 复合界面层对SiC_f/SiC复合材料力学损伤行为的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2023, 38(8): 917-922.
[4]	王洪达, 冯倩, 游潇, 周海军, 胡建宝, 阚艳梅, 陈小武, 董绍明. SiC/SiC-哈氏合金异质连接机制及其氟熔盐腐蚀特性分析[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(4): 452-458.
[5]	张亚晨, 孟佳, 蔡坤, 盛晓晨, 乐军, 宋力昕. 基于声发射技术的Si-Cr-Ti高温抗氧化涂层弯曲失效机理研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2021, 36(11): 1185-1192.
[6]	李陇彬, 薛玉冬, 胡建宝, 杨金山, 张翔宇, 董绍明. 碳化硅纳米线增韧碳化硅纤维/碳化硅基体损伤行为研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2021, 36(10): 1111-1117.
[7]	马登浩, 侯振华, 李军平, 孙新, 金恩泽, 尹健. 界面相对3D-SiC/SiC复合材料静态力学性能及内耗特征的影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2021, 36(1): 55-60.
[8]	张冰玉,王岭,王晓猛,邱海鹏. 不同先驱体制备C/SiC复合材料及其浸渍行为[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(9): 1017-1022.
[9]	张勇祯, 童小燕, 姚磊江, 李斌, 白国栋. 基于改进遗传算法的C/SiC拉伸损伤声发射模式识别[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(5): 593-600.
[10]	何飞, 李亚, 骆金, 方旻翰, 赫晓东. 具有气凝胶结构特征的C/SiO₂和C/SiC复合材料研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(5): 449-458.
[11]	赵爽, 杨自春, 周新贵. 不同界面SiC/SiC复合材料的断裂行为研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2016, 31(1): 58-62.
[12]	王浩, 周卿军, 简科, 邵长伟, 朱旖华. C/SiC复合材料有序多孔陶瓷接头的制备及其连接技术研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2013, 28(7): 763-768.
[13]	马青松, 刘海韬, 潘余, 刘卫东, 陈朝辉. C/SiC复合材料在超燃冲压发动机中的应用研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, 2013, 28(3): 247-255.
[14]	邓启煌, 王连军, 许虹杰, 王宏志, 江莞. MSP试验法评价PZT陶瓷的循环疲劳寿命[J]. 无机材料学报, 2012, 27(10): 1047-1052.
[15]	李思维, 张立同, 刘永胜, 成来飞, 冯祖德, 栾新刚, 张伟华, 杨文彬. CVI B-C基体改性2D C/SiC在低温湿氧中的自愈合行为[J]. 无机材料学报, 2010, 25(11): 1199-1203.