To prepare continuous silicon carbide fibers, four methods were reviewed, of which polymer route is
taking its predominace these days. The polymer route to ceramic fibers, usually containing steps of polymer synthesis, melt spinning, curing and
pyrolysis, was thoroughly studied. The development of the fibers was discussed and new generation fibers for ultrahigh-temperature applications, which
is the main advance in this field, were remarked by Hi-Nicalon, Hi-Nicalon type S, Sylramic, Tyranno SA and Siboramic. Current situation of the
polymer-derived continuous SiC fibers at home and abroad, as well as their prospects and countermeasures, were also dicussed in the paper.

The structure of the binary (100-x)Bi₂O₃· xLi₂O glass was investigated by Raman
scattering and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Their O1s binding energies of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were lower than that of
non-bridging oxygen of alkali silicate glass, and it shifted to higher binding energy with increasing Li₂O content. The main Raman
peak shifted to higher wave number and the Raman bands at lower wave numbers disappeared with increasing Li₂O content, which was interpreted
that the distortion of network-forming BiO_x(x=5 or 6)structural unit was increased with increasing Li₂O content.

High-quality lead tungstate (PWO) single crystals were successfully grown by a modi- fied vertical Bridgman method. The optimal growth parameters selected are as follows: seed crys- tal direction <001 >, lowering rate 0.6~1mm/h, the axial temperature gradient 20-30℃/cm at growth solid-melt boundary. The performances of PWO crystals obtained are as follows: optical transmittance more than 60% at 420nm and more than 25% at 360nm, light yield more than 9 p.e./MeV, light loss less than 5% after irradiation.

The crystal growth technique of large size Y:PbWO₄ crystal by the Bridgman method was discussed. The technical methods to eliminate cracks of the crystal and constitutional super- cooling were presented. Y:PbWO₄ crystal with the size of 55mm×55mm×250mm was successfully made. The transmittance spectra and radioluminescence spectra at different positions along crys- tal growth orientation were measured and studied. The results show that the large size Y:PbWO₄ crystal has good optical uniformity.

Crack-free and transparent Ca₄YO(BO₃)₃ (YCOB) crystals with 25 mm diameter were grown by
the vertical Bridgman method in <010> and <001> directions. The results of chemical etching indicate that there are no sub-boundaries or twins
in the crystal, and the density of dislocations observed at top region of a crystal is less than 1800/cm². The measured transmission spectrum
shows that the crystal has wide transmission range with absorption edge at 200nm. The SHG of a Nd:YAG laser was performed for YCOB crystals in
comparison with KDP crystal, the effective nonlinear coefficients (d_eff) of YCOB in type I phase matching directions of (θ, φ)=(66.3℃,
143.5℃) and (65.9℃, 36.5℃) were estimated to be 1.45pm/V and o.91pm/V respectively. The bulk damage threshold was observed as
85GW/cm² for single pulse of a Nd:YAG laser with 10ns pulse duration.

The specific heat, thermal expansion, thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity and phonon mean free path of
Ca₂YO(BO₃)₃ crystal were measured. The anisotropic behavior of the thermal expansion, thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity and
phonon free path of CaYO(BO₃)₃ crystal was discussed. The experimental results indicate that CaYO(BO₃)₃ crystal has good mechanical and thermal
properties in application of high energy laser beam because the specific heat and the thermal conductivity of this crystal are large.

CuO nanoparticles were prepared by a laser heating gas-evaporation method, with 150W CW CO₂ laser as the light source and Cu(Ac)₂·2H₂O as the
target. The effects of process parameters on nanoparticles were studied. XRD, ED and TEM were used to characterize the samples. The formation mechanism of
Cu/O nanoparticles was preliminarily discussed. The experimental results show that the process parameters such as laser power density, reaction pressure,
the sorts and rate of airflow etc, effect the sizes and crystal system of nanoparticles. In inert gases, the products are Cu and Cu₂O, the diameter of nanoparticles
is between 10 and 30nm; In oxygen, the products are Cu ,Cu₂O and CuO, the diameter of nanoparticles is between 10 and 50nm.

Nano-Ni-coated-A1₂O₃ composite powder was prepared by the heterogeneous precipitation method. The amorphous NiCO₃·2Ni(OH)₂·2H₂O was uniformly coated on the surfaces of Al₂O₃ particles. The amorphous coating layers were crystallized to NiO at 550℃ for 2h in air. NiO was completely reduced to Ni at 700℃ for 4h in hydrogen atmosphere. Ni with the size of about 20nm in the coating layers was spherical and weakly agglomerated. The continuous coated layers became discontinuous during heating treatment.

The role of ammonium salt of polyacrylic acid (NH₄-PAA) in the dispersion of nanosized titanium nitride aqueous suspensions was investigated experimentally. Surface chemistry of the suspension was investigated by scanning auger microscopy (SAM). Zeta potential studies show that the isoelectric point of nanosized TiN powders is at pH=3.8 and NH₄-PAA addition results in the shift of isoelectric point from pH=3.8 to pH =2. The adsorption of PAA-NH₄ decreases as pH values increase, because PAA-NH₄ is more negatively dissociated.

This paper introduced an easily-controlled and lower-cost wet-chemical process for the synthesis of nanometric
Ba(Mg_1/3Ta_2/3)O₃ (BMT) powder. Tantalum pentaoxide was dissolved in molten sodium hydroxide, forming gelatinous Ta₂O₅· nH₂O at
appropriate pH value and concentration. Then it was mixed with barium acetate and magnesium acetate as a certain proportion, nanometric BMT powders were
finally prepared after heat treatment. Furthermore the experimental results have indicated that the heating temperature was only 800℃ for
getting better powders with the average particle size of 70nm, and it has successfully reduced near 400℃ compared with traditional solid-
reaction method. Also, the nano-ceramics prepared by BMT powder have low-temperature sinteribility and good microwave dielectric properties. So it
is more practical than the present wet-chemical method in alcohol salt system reported in existing literature.

Nanosized TiO₂ particles were prepared by using the direct hydrolysis means from metatitanic acid. The specimens were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffractometry, differential thermal analysis. Nanosized TiO₂ of mixing anatase and rutile prepared was found to show good photocatalytic properties in the photodegredation of anionic sodium dodecylbenzensulfonate surfactant, compared with P-25.

The structural and thermodynamical properties of Lennard-Jones melts were investigated by the molecular dynamical
simulation during heating and cooling process. Reduced potential increased with reduced temperature.The structure transition was found
at reduced temperature 0.51 during cooling. The atom configuration of the system was randomly arranged and the first peak of the pair distribution
function varied between 4 and 5 in the process of heating. The model system gradually evolved into a structure with the long range order in the process
of cooling as indicated by the data from the atom configuration and pair distribution function of the system.

SiC ceramics were prepared by pressureless sintering with Al, B and C as sintering aids. The effects of the mol ratio of Al and B, the sintering temperature and sintering time
on the relative density and bending strength of the samples were studied. The fracture surface structure and the grain shape of the samples were displayed
by SEM photographs. The experimental result shows that the most appropriate sintering time is 1h, and the relative density of the samples reaches to 90% when the sintering
temperature is above 1850℃. It also shows that the samples have the best prformance when the mol ratio of Al and B is between 3/1 and 4/1. The XRD pattern
shows Al₈B₄C₇ is in existence, which indicates that Al₈B₄C₇ is produced during sintering, so that the sintering mechanism is liquid-phase sintering.

α-SiAlON single crystal particles were obtained by a method of pressureless sintering and subsequent
acid treatments. The microstructure of YSm-α-SiAlON ceramics containing α-SiAlON single crystal particles was investigated. The experimental
results showed that the specimen without seeding consisted of fine elongated grains and small amount of relatively coarse grains. When specimens were
seeded with α-SiAlON single crystal particles, the elongated α-SiAlON grains presented. The morphology and amount of elongated
grains were effected by the seed size & amount. The fracture toughness of α-SiAlON ceramics with seeding was improved, owing to
grain pullout and bridging of elongated grains.

The property and microstructure of hot-pressure and normal-pressure sintered AlN ceramics doped with CaO-Y₂O₃ were studied in this paper. The results obtained show
that the second phase in the hot-pressure sintered AlN is Y₃Al₅O₁₂ and that in the normal-pressure sintered AlN is Y₃Al₅O₁₂ and Ca₃Y₂O₆.
The volume fraction of the second phase and the oxygen content dissolved in the AlN lattice of hot-pressure sintered AlN ceramics are lower than that of normal-pressure
sintered AlN. The hot-pressure sintered AlN ceramic has good microstructure and high thermal conductivity of 200W/m·K.

3Y-TZP powder coated with SiO₂ layer, prepared by the wet chemical method, was hot-pressed to fine-grained ZrSiO₄/3Y-TZP composite. The phases and
microstructure of the sintering bodies were characterized by X-ray diffraction and TEM. Below 1300℃, the coated powder was sintered to higher density
by means of transient viscous sintering. With increasing temperature, SiO₂ reacted with ZrO₂ to form ZrSiO₄. ZrSiO₄/3Y-TZP ceramic with an average
grain size of 350nm was obtained when the coated powder was hot-pressed at 1500℃ for 1h. It was suggested that SiO₂ layer made greater contributions to the
formation of the fine-grained ZrSiO₄/3Y-TZP composite.

The thermodynamics of Fe-Ti-C system was calculated by the calculation of phase diagram (CALPHAD) method to
investigate the influences of Fe content and C/Ti atomic ratio on the adiabatic temperature (T_ad) and equilibrium phases. It is
revealed that Fe content has more effects on the adiabatic temperature than on equilibrium phases. The desired equilibrium phases (TiC+Fe)
can be obtained no matter how Fe content value varies when C/Ti (atomic ratio) is fixed as about 1.0. The combustion synthesis reaction
of Fe-Ti-C system can be ignited thermodynamically with Fe weight content up to 55%. C/Ti atomic ratio has more effects on the equilibrium phases
than on adiabatic temperature. The temperature of graphite appearing decreases when C/Ti (atomic ratio) reduces. And the graphite content
varies from about 1% to 16% when C/Ti (atomic ratio) varies from 1.0 to 1.4 at low combustion temperature.

TiAl base composites reinforced by submicron Al₂O₃ particles were produced by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) in use of the exothermic reaction of Al-Ti-TiO₂ system. The reaction process was investigated with phase analysis of DTA samples quenched at different temperatures. The results indicate that the thermite reduction of TiO₂ involves several transitional stages and its initiatory temperature is lowered by prior reactions between Al and Ti, Ti and TiO₂.

PMNT (Lead Magnesium Niobate Titanate) thin films with preferred orientation were deposited on Pt/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si substrate by a sol-gel process. The influence of the technological process on morphology, crystallization and orientation of films were investigated by XRD(X Ray Diffraction) and SPM(Scan Probe Microscope). The optimum process for preparing PMNT thin film with high orientation was established.

PMN-PT relax ferroelectric fine powders were prepared by a sol-gel routes with inorganic compounds, Nb₂O₅, TiCl4 and Pb(Ac)₂·3H₂O as raw materials, citric acid and EDTA as co-chelate and ethylene glycol as solvent. The effects of processing technology and complex/ chelate on the properties of organic compounds precursors, the powders synthesis, the phases formation and dielectric properties were discussed.

A kind of V-shaped thermistor based on Sr_0.4Pb_0.6TiO₃ materials was fabricated by solid
state reaction methods. The samples exhibit novel NTCR effect below the Curie temperature (T_c) and typical PTCR effect above T_c, the room-
temperature resistivities and the values of log(ρ_25℃/ρ_min) increase with elevating soaking temperature. The phase structure, microstructure
and compositional distribution of samples were investigated by using XRD, SEM and EDS respectively. The results show that Sr, Ti
concentrations near the grian boundaries are higher than that in the grains. It is estimated that the NTCR effects of (Sr,Pb)TiO₃
ceramics are closely related to the Pb²⁺ ionic vacancies near the grain boundaries. The semiconductive mechanism of Y³⁺-doped
(Sr,Pb)TiO₃ ceramics was also discussed.

ZnFe₂O₄ is a traditional ferrite material. In recent years, it has been found that ZnFe₂O₄ is also a good gas sensitive material. In this paper, nano ZnFe₂O₄ powder was prepared by coprecipitation. XRD, XPS and SEM were used in analyzing structure characteristcs. Based on ZnFc₂O₄ nano powder thick film gas sensors were prepared, and their gas sensitive characteristics were tested and gas sensitive mechanism was given.

The anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) and saturation magnetic field of the Permalloy thin films (Ni_0.81Fe_0.19) sputtered on a nonmagnetic (Ni_0.81Fe_0.19)_0.66Cr_0.34 buffer layer were measured. The AMR variations of the films after annealing and the size effect of the AMR stripes after etching were emphatically studied, and a qualitative analysis was proposed through a statistic model. The simulation results agree with the experiments.

An oxide coating on TC4 Titanium alloy was prepared in an aluminate solution by the alternating-current
microarc oxidation (MAO) method. The microhardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) of the MAO ceramic coating were determined by the mechanical
properties microprobe. The influence of microarc discharge on microstructure and properties of the coating and alloy substrate were discussed. The
microarc discharge process has hardly influence on the microstructure of the alloy substrate. No oxygen atoms from the solution diffuse into the unoxidized
titanium substrate. The hardness and elastic modulus profiles of the MAO coating are similar. From the coating surface to the interior of the
coating, H and E gradually increase. H and E can reach maximum values of 13GPa and 230GPa respectively in the coating near the interface.
The changes in relative contents of TiO₂ rutile and TiAl₂O₅ spinel along the coating thickness determine H and E profiles in the
coating.

Titania modified mesoporous slilcate MCM-41 (MCM-TiO₂) was synthesized by precursor tetrabutyltitanate
and calcined MCM-41. Au clusters deposited on the inner surface of titania-modified MCM-41 by the photodeposition method through AuCl^-₄ and
MCM-TiO₂ reaction. The structure and optical properties of the as-synthesized samples were investigated by XRD, XPS, N₂ adsorption/
desorption isotherms and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis absorbance spectroscopy. The decrease of BET surface areas and the pore volume proved that nanosized
Au clusters deposited in the mesopore of MCM-TiO₂. The Au 4f of XPS and the plasmon absorption in UV-Vis spectrum showed that the deposited Au was
in metal state.

Acetylene cracked under normal pressure at 700-800℃ with active nanoscale cobalt particles as catalyst and carbon nanotubes were prepared on a large scale. The final product rate was above 50wt% after 10min growth, and also defects were almost nonexistent. The lengthes of the carbon nanotubes ranged from 5 to 30μm. Non-well distributed carbon on catalyst surface accelerated the nucleating process. The growing time limitation was about 15min and then growing process became slow.

A series of jet-milling experiments on B₄C coarse powders with specific surface area of 0.52m^2/g and median particle size of 20.4μm were carried out. Effects
of jet-milling times, forming stress and sintering temperature on sintered densities of B₄C were also studied. The results show that powders with particle size of less than 1μm can be
obtained when jet-milled for more than 3 times. The powders jet-milled for 4 times, with specific surface area of 2.53m²/g and median particle size of 0.56μm,
can be pressureless sintered to 78.6% TD at 2200℃and 82.5% TD at 2250℃ for 1h, with average grain size of 28μm and 50μm, comprasive strength of
390MPa and 555MPa respectively.

The crystallization process and mechanical properties of MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-TiO₂ glass-ceramics
containing La₂O₃ were studied by means of DTA, XRD, and SEM. With the present of La₂O₃, α-cordierite phase appears at
lower temperature and no cristobalite phase exits. The tendency of bulk crystallization of glass-ceramics is declined by the addition of La₂O₃,
which leads to small crystallinity and large crystal grains. As a result, the elastic modulus and hardness of the glass-ceramics become lower. The
fracture roughness of glass-ceramics, however, is raised by the toughening effect of rutile crystalline grains with big length-diameter ratio.

Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ single crystals exhibit excellent photorefractive behavior. The main problem in growing doped Ce:BSO crystals on earth is low segregation coefficients that result in a poor chemical homogeneity of the crystals. In our experiments, Ce:BSO crystals were grown on earth in the multi-position furnace especially designed for growing single crystals in space. The dopant distribution and transmission spectra of Ce:BSO grown on earth were measured and compared with that of Ce:BSO crystals grown in space.

Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals (TZP) with superfine grains and high flexural strength were obtained by adding certain glass additives into Y-TZP powder and sintered at low temperature. The relationship between the density, mechanical properties arid the amount of additives, sintering temperature were investigated. The results show that Y-TZP with 1wt% glass additives can be densifed at 1400℃. The grain size of Y-TZP is 100-200nm and flexural strength can reach 950MPa.

The surface forces between alumina colloidal sphere and alumina flat surface in magnesium chloride
solutions were measured by an atomic force microscope. The forces between alumina surfaces were measured as a function of surface separation, salt
concentration, and pH. Experimental decay lengths for the repulsive electric double layer interaction were in good agreement with the theoretical Debye
lengths in the range of 0.0001mol/L to 0.01mol/L. The Debye length decreased with the increasing of the salt concentrations due to the compression of the
electric double layer. No attractive force could be detected in the pH range between 3.64 and 9.09, and the zeta potential was always positive, which
strongly verified the existence of the specific adsorption. The short-ranged non-DLVO forces were observed in the magnesium chloride solutions at pH 9.52.
Magnesium ions took the form of Mg(OH)⁺ and Mg₂(OH)³⁺ to form the adsorption layer, which changed into precipitation layer with the rise of pH,
the thickness was estimated as 5nm.

Nano-sized In₂O₃ powders were prepared by the solid-state reaction method. The crystal structure and ceramic microstructure of the powders were studied by XRD and TEM. The principle of the solid-state reaction at room temperature and the gas sensitivity of In₂O₃ were also discussed. The results show that the mean grain size of the powders is about 25nm. The In₂O₃ sensors show a higher sensitivity to ethanol than to H₂, LPG, i-C₄H₁₀, CH₄ and gasoline. The rate of response and recovery is quick.

TiN coating was deposited on alumina based ceramics insert by arc ion plating process and enhances the flexural strength and Weibull modulus effectively. The results of SEM, XRD and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) indicate that the flat and smooth coating is of cubic structure, having (220) preferred orientation. The coating adheres to the substrate compactly and both of them have interdiffusion near the interface.

Diamond thick films with 120mm in diameter, up to 1mm thickness were prepared by the electron-assistant chemical vapor deposition (EACVD) method. SEM, Raman
spectroscopy characterization and hardness test show that the films are pure polycrystalline diamond materials with hardness approaching to that of natural
diamond (ND) and much higher than that of polycrystalline diamond (PCD). Field tests demonstrate that the drawing effect of CVD diamond wire dies is nearly equal
to those obtained from ND and high quality PCD wire dies. This kind of CVD diamond wire die can be widely used in drawing W, Mo, Cu and stainless steel filaments.

Castor oil was used as the dispersant of AlN tape casting slurry, its efficiency was evaluated by the method of deposition. The result
indicates that when the amount of castor oil is around 1%-1.5% of the weight of AlN powders, the most homogeneous slurry can be
achieved. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was firstly introduced into the studying of interactions between inorganic AlN particles
and organic dispersants. The results show that carbonyl is the main functional group that affects the adsorption property. The
carbonyl and nitride atom forms a conjugate structure of n-π, which makes a stable adsorption.