Photocatalytic Properties of Pt/GaP Nanoparticles under Visible Light Irradiation

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2011.00579

Abstract

Abstract: Gallium phosphide (GaP) nanoparticle was synthesized by the reaction of sodium phosphide and gallium chloride in dimethylbenzene. GaP-supported platinum photocatalysts, Pt(0.80wt%)/GaP and Pt(4.2wt%)/ GaP nanoparticles, were prepared by the simple reduction of chloroplatinic acid (H₂PtCl₆) with hydrazine hydrate (N₂H₄·H₂O). The photocatalytic activities of GaP and Pt/GaP nanoparticles for the decomposition of crystal violet were investigated under visible light irradiation. The results indicate that GaP, Pt(0.80wt%)/GaP and Pt(4.2wt%)/GaP nanoparticles can harness visible light to decompose crystal violet in aqueous solution. The photocatalytic activity of Pt(0.80wt%)/GaP is better than that of GaP while the photocatalytic activity of GaP is better than that of Pt(4.2wt%)/GaP. The Pt coverage has an important effect on the photocatalytic activity of Pt/GaP nanoparticles.

Key words: nanoparticles, gallium phosphide, platinum, photocatalysis, crystal violet

CLC Number:

O649

HUANG Yi-Chun, ZHANG Zhao-Chun, JIANG Hui-Yi. Photocatalytic Properties of Pt/GaP Nanoparticles under Visible Light Irradiation[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2011, 26(6): 579-584.

References

[1] Humphreys R G, R-ssler U, Cardona M. Indirect exciton fine structure in GaP and the effect of uniaxial stress. Phys. Rev. B, 1978, 18(10): 5590-5605.

[2] Dean P J, Kaminsky G, Zetterstrom R B. Intrinsic optical absorption of gallium phosphide between 2.33 and 3.12 eV. J. Appl. Phys., 1967, 38(9): 3551-3556.

[3] Tsay J F, Mitra S S, Bendow B. Pressure dependence of energy gaps and refractive indices of tetrahedrally bonded semiconductors. Phys. Rev. B, 1974, 10(4): 1476-1481.

[4] Zhang Q, Zhang Z, Zhou Z. Probe into the reflection from GaP nanoparticles via different solutions of radiative transfer equation. Appl. Phys. B, 2008, 93(2/3): 589-593.

[5] Zhang Z, Zou L, Cui D. ESR detection of Ga self-interstitial defects in GaP nano-solids. Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 2004, 111(1): 5-8.

[6] Gao Sh, Cui D, Huang B, et al. Study on the factors affecting the particles size of GaP nanocrystalline materials. J. Cryst. Growth, 1998, 192(1/2): 89-92.

[7] Mi-i- O I, Sprague J R, Curtis C J, et al. Synthesis and Characterization of InP, GaP, and GaInP2 quantum dots. J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99(19): 7754-7759.

[8] Kim Y, Jun Y, Jun B, et al. Sterically induced shape and crystalline phase control of GaP nanocrystals. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2002, 124(46): 13656-13657.

[9] Wang P, Huang B, Qin X, et al. Ag@AgCl: a highly efficient and stable photocatalyst active under visible light. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47(41): 7931-7933.

[10] Awazu K, Fujimaki M, Rockstuhl, et al. A plasmonic photocatalyst consisting of silver nanoparticles embedded in titanium dioxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2008, 130(5): 1676-1680.

[11] Chen J, Wiley B, McLellan J, et al. Optical Properties of Pd-Ag and Pt-Ag nanoboxes synthesized via galvanic replacement reactions. Nano Lett., 2005, 5(10): 2058-2062.

[12] Selvakannan P R, Sastry M. Hollow gold and platinum nanoparticles by a transmetallation reaction in an organic solution. Chem. Commun., 2005(13): 1684-1686.

[13] Nehl C L, Liao H, Hafner J H. Optical properties of star-shaped gold nanoparticles. Nano Lett., 2006, 6(4): 683-688.

[14] Hoffmann M R, Martin S T, Choi W, et al. Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem. Rev., 1995, 95(1): 69-96.

[15] Subramanian V, Wolf E, Kamat P V. Semiconductor-metal composite nanostructures. To what extent do metal nanoparticles improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films- J. Phys. Chem. B, 2001, 105(46): 11439-11446.

[16] Sadeghi M, Liu W, Zhang T-G, et al. Role of photoinduced charge carrier separation distance in heterogeneous photocatalysis:- oxidative degradation of CH3OH vapor in contact with Pt/TiO2 and cofumed TiO2-Fe2O3. J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100(50): 19466-19474.

[17] 刘希尧. 工业催化剂分析测试表征. 北京: 中国石化出版社, 1993: 283-289.

[18] Stokowski S E, Sell D D. Reflectivity and (dR/dE)/R of GaP between 2.5 and 6.0 eV. Phys. Rev. B, 1972, 5(4): 1636-1639.

[19] Kuhn J, Korder S, Arduini-Schuster M C, et al. Infrared-optical transition and reflection measurements on loose powders. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1993, 64(9): 2523-2530.

[20] Burger T, Kuhn J, Caps R, et al. Diffuse reflection and transmittance spectroscopy for the quantitative determination of scattering and absorption coefficients in quantitative powder analysis. Appl. Spectrosc., 1997, 51(3): 309-317.

[21] Gerisher H, Heller A. The role of oxygen in photooxidation of organic molecules on semiconductor particles. J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95(13): 5261-5267.