ZnFe2O4//rGH水系光辅助充电超级电容器的构建与性能研究

doi:10.15541/jim20250074

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太阳能收集与存储技术的协同创新为构建新型自供能系统提供了重要方向, 其中光辅助充电超级电容器因其独特的光致电荷存储机制和快速充放电特性成为研究热点, 并且具有高功率密度和快速充放电特性, 为可穿戴电子设备等能源收集与存储提供了一种高效、环保和可持续的新策略。本研究采用水热法合成ZnFe₂O₄, 将其作为超级电容器光阳极, 以改进Hummers法和水热法合成还原氧化石墨烯水凝胶(Reduced graphene oxide hydrogel, rGH), 将其作为超级电容器的阴极, 以Zn(CF₃SO₃)₂水溶液为电解液构建水系光辅助充电超级电容器。合成产物的物相组成、微观形貌、化学结构、光吸收性能和超级电容器的光电化学性能的研究结果表明, 在光电协同充电条件(0.2 A·g^-1电流密度、95 mW·m^-2光照强度)下, 超级电容器的比容量可达148 F·g^-1, 比电充比容量提高17%。此外, 该超级电容器在循环10000次条件下, 电充和光电协同充电的容量保持率分别为80%和90%。所构建的水系光辅助充电超级电容器具有较高的比容量和良好的循环稳定性, 在可穿戴电子产品等领域具有潜在应用前景。

关键词: ZnFe₂O₄, rGH, 超级电容器, 光电性能

Abstract:

Synergistic innovation of solar energy collection and storage technology provides an important direction for constructing a new type of self-supply system, in which photo-assisted charging supercapacitor has become a research hotspot due to their unique photo-induced charge storage mechanism and fast charging/discharging characteristics with high power density and fast charging/discharging characteristics, which provides an efficient, environmentally friendly, and sustainable new strategy for energy harvesting and storage in wearable electronic devices and other related products. In this work, ZnFe₂O₄ was synthesized by hydrothermal method and employed as the supercapacitor photoanode, while reduced graphene oxide hydrogel (rGH), prepared using an improved Hummers method followed by hydrothermal treatment, served as the cathode, and Zn(CF₃SO₃)₂ aqueous solution was used as the electrolyte to construct an aqueous photo-assisted charging supercapacitor. The results from the synthesized products, including phase composition, microscopic morphology, chemical structure, light absorption properties, and photoelectrochemical performance of the supercapacitor, show that under the photoelectrical synergistic charging conditions (a current density of 0.2 A·g^-1 and a light intensity of 95 mW·cm^-2), specific capacity of supercapacitor reaches 148 F·g^-1, 17% higher than that under only electric charging conditions. The capacity retention rates of the device are 80% and 90% after 10000 cycles under only electric charging and photoelectric synergistic charging, respectively. Based on all above results, the constructed aqueous photo-assisted charging supercapacitor exhibits high specific capacity and excellent cycling stability, demonstrating promising potential for applications in wearable electronics and related fields.

Key words: ZnFe₂O₄, rGH, supercapacitor, photoelectric performance

中图分类号:

O646

王瑜, 刘欣, 王艳香, 李家科. ZnFe₂O₄//rGH水系光辅助充电超级电容器的构建与性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2026, 41(1): 79-86.

WANG Yu, BASSANYIN Christopher, LIU Xin, WANG Yanxiang, LI Jiake. Construction and Performance of ZnFe₂O₄//rGH Aqueous Photo-assisted Charging Supercapacitor[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2026, 41(1): 79-86.

图/表 6

图1 ZnFe2O4的(a) XRD图谱和(b~e) XPS谱图

Fig. 1 (a) XRD pattern and (b-e) XPS spectra of ZnFe2O4 (b) Total; (c) Zn2p; (d) Fe2p; (e) O1s

图2 ZnFe2O4的(a, b) SEM照片、(c, d) HRTEM照片、(e) UV-Vis漫反射光谱和(f) (ahv)1/2-hv曲线; rGH的(g) N2吸附-解吸等温线及其(h)孔径分布[18]

Fig. 2 (a, b) SEM images, (c, d) HRTEM images, (e) UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrum and (f) (ahv) 1/2-hv curve of ZnFe2O4; (g) N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and (h) PSD of rGH[18]

图3 ZnFe2O4//rGH超级电容器(a, b)在不同扫描速率下CV曲线、(c)电充和(d)光电协同充电的电容贡献率、(e)工作原理示意图

Fig. 3 (a, b) CV curves at different scanning rates, (c, d) capacitance contribution rates at different scanning rates under (c) electric charging and (d) photoelectric synergistic charging, and (e) schematic diagram of working principle for ZnFe2O4//rGH supercapacitor

图4 ZnFe2O4//rGH超级电容器(a, e)仅电充和(b, f)光电协同充电条件下的(a, b) GCD曲线、(c)比容量、(d) EIS谱图、(e, f)库仑效率和容量保持率

Fig. 4 (a, b) GCD curves, (c) specific capacitance, (d) EIS spectra, (e, f) Coulombic efficiency and capacity retention rate of ZnFe2O4//rGH supercapacitor with (a, e) only electric charging and (b, f) photoelectric synergistic charging

图5 超级电容器光充电时间与光电压之间的关系和光充电后在不同条件下放电的电化学性能

Fig. 5 Relationship between photocharging time and photovoltage of the supercapacitor, and electrochemical performance of discharging under different conditions after photocharging (a) Relationship between photocharging time and photovoltage with inset showing PCE vs. Vt/Vm, where Vt represents voltage at photocharging time t, Vm represents maximum photocharging voltage; (b, c) GCD curves of the supercapacitor photocharged followed by discharging (b) without and (c) with illumination; (d) GCD curve of the supercapacitor photocharged up to 0.3 V followed by discharging at 14 mA·g-1. Colorful figures are available on website

图6 ZnFe2O4//rGH超级电容器在(a, b)无光照和(c, d)光照条件下驱动电子器件(a, c)起始和(b, d)结束的照片

Fig. 6 (a, c) Initial and (b, d) final photographs of electronic hygrometer driven by ZnFe2O4//rGH supercapacitors (a, b) without and (c, d) with illumination

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ZnFe₂O₄//rGH水系光辅助充电超级电容器的构建与性能研究

Construction and Performance of ZnFe₂O₄//rGH Aqueous Photo-assisted Charging Supercapacitor

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