CO2和H2O在活性炭上的吸附平衡和吸附动力学研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2012.00139

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

活性炭是应用在变压吸附分离CO₂工艺中的常用吸附剂, 而工业废气中一般都含有一定量的饱和水蒸气. 通过吸附等温线和穿透曲线分别研究了单/双组份的CO₂和H₂O在活性炭上的吸附平衡和吸附动力学. 结果表明, 活性炭对二氧化碳具有较高的吸附量, 并具有较好的CO₂/N₂吸附选择性. 由于吸水官能团的存在, 活性炭在较高分压下表现出较大的水蒸气吸附量. 不过由于吸附机理不同, 水蒸气在活性炭上的吸附几乎不会影响活性炭对CO₂的吸附. 动力学研究表明, CO₂在活性炭上的吸附速率远大于H₂O的吸附速率.

关键词: 二氧化碳, 水蒸气, 吸附, 等温线, 穿透曲线

Abstract:

Activated carbon is well applied in pressure swing adsorption process for CO₂capture. The real flue gas contains saturated water vapor as well. In this study, single and binary components adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of H₂O/CO₂ were studied according to their adsorption isotherms and breakthrough curves. Results showed that activated carbon could adsorb high amount of CO₂ and low amount of N₂, that showed a good CO₂/N₂selectivity. As activated carbon contains the functional groups, the activated carbon can adsorb large amount water at high water partial pressure. However, because of different CO₂ adsorption mechanism, water adsorption has almost no impact on CO₂ adsorption on activated carbon. The kinetics study showed that CO₂ adsorption velocity on activated carbon is much faster than that of H₂O.

Key words: carbon dioxide, water vapor, adsorption, isotherm, breakthrough

中图分类号:

TQ174

徐冬, 张军, 李刚, XIAO Penny, WEBLEY Paul, 翟玉春. CO₂和H₂O在活性炭上的吸附平衡和吸附动力学研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2012, 27(2): 139-145.

XU Dong, ZHANG Jun, LI Gang, XIAO Penny, WEBLEY Paul, ZHAI Yu-Chun. Adsorption Equilibrium and Kinetics of CO₂and H₂O on ActivatedCarbon[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2012, 27(2): 139-145.

图/表 11

Table 1 Physical properties of activated carbon

Property	Activated carbon
Original material	Coconut shell
Shape	Granular
Activated method	Steam
BET surface/(m²·g^-1)	921.7
Total pore volume /(cm³·g^-1)	0.37
Nominal pore size /nm	0.73

图1 活性炭的SEM照片

Fig. 1 SEM image of activated carbon

图2 H2O/CO2 单双组分等温曲线装置图

Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the H2O/CO2 single & binary isothermal adsorption unit

图3 穿透曲线装置图

Fig. 3 Diagram for breakthrough experiments

图4 利用DFT模型从N2吸附曲线上计算的活性炭的孔径分布

Fig. 4 Pore size distribution of activated carbon calculated from nitrogen and adsorption isotherms using DFT model

图5 不同条件下的活性炭的红外光谱图

Fig. 5 IR analyses of activated carbon in different conditions

图6 CO2和N2在活性炭上的等温曲线

Fig. 6 Adsorption isotherms of CO2 and N2 onto activated carbon Dots are experimental results and lines represent model fitting by single site Langmuir equation

图7 水蒸气在活性炭上的等温曲线(a)25, 30 和35℃上的实验值, (b)25, 35, 50 和60℃上的实验和模拟值

Fig. 7 Adsorption isotherms of water vapor onto activated carbon at (a) 25, 30 and 35℃ of experimental data, (b) 25, 35, 50 and 60℃ with model fitting data

图8 单、双组份H2O/CO2气体在活性炭上的等温吸附曲线

Fig. 8 Single and binary adsorption isotherms of water vapor and CO2 onto activated carbon

图9 单组份/双组份在活性炭变压吸附床上(a) CO2, (b) H2O的穿透曲线

Fig. 9 Both single and binary breakthrough curves for (a) CO2 and (b) H2O at the bed

图10 (a) 100 L/min进气和(b) 50 L/min进气双组份穿透曲线实验中温度变化

Fig. 10 Temperature swing profiles in binary breakthrough experiments at flow of (a) 100 L/min and (b) 50 L/min

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CO₂和H₂O在活性炭上的吸附平衡和吸附动力学研究

Adsorption Equilibrium and Kinetics of CO₂and H₂O on ActivatedCarbon

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