2024铝合金表面扫描式微弧氧化工艺研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2013.12156

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究利用小功率微弧氧化电源, 通过内充液式管状阴极的逐行扫描, 在2024铝合金样件表面生成微弧氧化陶瓷膜层, 对样件的局部受损部位进行了成功的修复, 从而突破了传统微弧氧化技术不能用于铝合金构件现场局部防护与修复的限制; 利用XRD、SEM、EDS等分析方法对陶瓷膜层的相组成与微观组织形貌进行了研究。利用纳米压痕仪测试了陶瓷膜层的纳米压痕硬度和弹性模量, 用动电位极化曲线测试陶瓷膜层的耐腐蚀性能。结果表明: 在恒电流模式下, 扫描式微弧氧化电压快速升高, 直接进入微弧放电阶段。其一次扫描成膜层厚度17 μm, 相对于传统微弧氧化具有很高的成膜效率。铝合金扫描式微弧氧化陶瓷膜层主要由α-Al₂O₃和γ-Al₂O₃组成, 膜层分为致密层和疏松层, 表面多微孔, 且有微裂纹; 纳米压痕测试结果表明, 陶瓷膜层纳米压痕硬度和弹性模量沿界面向外呈现先增加后减小的变化趋势。动电位极化曲线表明, 扫描式和传统微弧氧化陶瓷膜层都能够对基体起到有效的腐蚀防护作用, 传统微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的腐蚀防护作用高于扫描式。

关键词: 铝合金, 扫描式微弧氧化, 陶瓷膜层, 纳米压痕, 耐腐蚀

Abstract:

The ceramic coating was formed on the part of the impaired surface of the 2024 alloy sample by scanning micro-arc oxidation using low pulsating power supply. It proposed a solution for local repairing impaired part of big workpiece using micro-arc oxidation technique. Microstructure and phase composition of coating were characterized by SEM, XRD and EDS. The nano indentation hardness and elastic modulus of coatings were tested by nano indenter. The corrosion resistance properties of coatings were determined by potentiodynamic polarization. The results show that under the continuous current mode, the bath voltage of scanning micro-arc oxidation (SMAO) raise fast and go into micro-arc oxidation stage immediately. The thickness of the coating formed by SMAO is 17 μm after a single scanning, indicating SMAO has high film efficiency. The coating, mainly composed of α-Al₂O₃ and γ-Al₂O₃, is dense in the inner layer and porous in the outer layer. There are a large number of micropores and micro-cracks on its surface. The nano indentation test results show that the nano indentation hardness and elastic modulus of coatings firstly increase and then decrease from interface to surface. The potentiodynamic polarization indicates that the SMAO and MAO coatings all have effective corrosion protective effect to 2024 aluminium alloy. And the MAO coating's performance is better than that of SMAO coating.

Key words: aluminium alloy, scanning micro-arc oxidation, ceramic coating, nano indentation, corrosion

中图分类号:

TQ174

吕鹏翔, 韦东波, 郭成波, 李兆龙, 狄士春. 2024铝合金表面扫描式微弧氧化工艺研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2013, 28(4): 381-386.

Lü Peng-Xiang, WEI Dong-Bo, GUO Cheng-Bo, LI Zhao-Long, DI Shi-Chun. Study on Scanning Micro-arc Oxidation Technology Applied to 2024 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2013, 28(4): 381-386.

图/表 7

图1 扫描式微弧氧化实验原理示意图

Fig. 1 Schematic of SMAO experiment principle (a) General schematic diagraph; (b) Detailed schematic diagraph of Partial A in (a)

图2 2024铝合金样件扫描式微弧氧化局部修复部位陶瓷膜层

Fig. 2 Ceramic coating formed in local repairing region on 2024 alloy sample by SMAO

图3 扫描式和传统微弧氧化极间电压变化曲线

Fig. 3 Interpolar voltage curve during SMAO and MAO

图4 扫描式和传统微弧氧化过程中陶瓷膜层厚度变化曲线

Fig. 4 Ceramic coating thickness curve during SMAO and MAO

图5 2024铝合金扫描式微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的微观形貌与组成

Fig. 5 Microstructure and constituent of ceramic coating formed on 2024 alloy by SMAO

图6 扫描式微弧氧化陶瓷膜层纳米压痕硬度和弹性模量

Fig. 6 Nano indentation hardness and Modulus of SMAO ceramic coating

图7 扫描式和传统式微弧氧化陶瓷膜层以及2024铝合金基体动电位极化曲线

Fig. 7 Popotetiodynamic polarization curves of SMAO, MAO ceramic coating and 2024 alloy

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