脱油硅藻土改性及其对甲基紫的吸附性能

doi:10.15541/jim20260056

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在铝加工过程中使用硅藻土过滤轧制油后会得到含油硅藻土,采用热脱附技术回收油的同时会产生脱油硅藻土。为了减少填埋和二次环境污染,需对脱油硅藻土进行资源化利用。本研究采用两种方法对脱油硅藻土进行改性,分析表面官能团、元素形态、孔结构、微观结构等变化;开展改性脱油硅藻土对模拟染料废水中甲基紫的吸附实验,研究吸附动力学和热力学,并探讨吸附机理;通过对比硅藻土,探索利用脱油硅藻土制备硅藻土助滤剂及在染料废水处理中应用的可行性。结果表明,煅烧改性的最佳温度为900 ℃,所制备材料具备高渗透率,且SiO₂含量达到I级硅藻土助滤剂要求。与煅烧改性脱油硅藻土相比,铁改性脱油硅藻土结晶度增加,晶格氧增多,表面Si-OH和Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺比值增加,比表面积增大;七次循环使用后铁改性脱油硅藻土对废水中甲基紫去除率为82.11%,远高于900 ℃煅烧改性脱油硅藻土的58.34%;其较佳的吸附效果主要与铁负载后引入新表面、微孔填充以及构建新孔隙有关。

关键词: 脱油硅藻土, 改性, 染料废水, 吸附, 循环

Abstract: Oily diatomite is generated during the filtration of rolling oil using diatomite in the aluminum rolling process. Thermal desorption technology is utilized to recover oil and deoiled diatomite is produced. To reduce landfill and mitigate secondary environmental pollution, resource utilization of deoiled diatomite is essential. In this study, two modification methods were adopted and changes in functional groups, surface element valences, pore structure, and microstructure were analyzed. Adsorption experiments of methyl violet (MV) from simulated dye wastewater were conducted using the modified deoiled diatomite. Adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics were investigated, and the adsorption mechanism was discussed. By comparison with pristine diatomite, the feasibility of preparing diatomite filter aid from deoiled diatomite and its application in the dye wastewater treatment were explored. The results indicated that the optimal calcination temperature was 900 ℃, and the prepared material exhibited a high permeability and SiO₂ content meeting the Grade I diatomite filter aid. Compared with the calcined deoiled diatomite, the iron-modified deoiled diatomite exhibited increased crystallinity, enhanced lattice oxygen content, elevated surface Si-OH content and Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ratio, and increased specific surface area. It achieved a removal rate of 82.11% for MV after seven cycles, significantly higher than 58.34% for the calcined counterpart. The enhanced adsorption performance is primarily attributed to the introduction of new surface active sites, micropore filling, and the creation of additional pore structures after iron loading.

Key words: deoiled diatomite, modification, dye wastewater, adsorption, recycling

中图分类号:

TB321
O647

崔萌萌, 李小燕. 脱油硅藻土改性及其对甲基紫的吸附性能[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260056.

CUI Mengmeng, LI Xiaoyan. Modification of Deoiled Diatomite and Its Adsorption Performance for Methyl Violet[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20260056.

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