聚氨酯-碳纳米管@锑化铋复合气凝胶的制备及传感性能

doi:10.15541/jim20250286

无机材料学报

• 研究论文 •

聚氨酯-碳纳米管@锑化铋复合气凝胶的制备及传感性能

曹颖^1,2, 彭露¹, 夏双^1,2, 白菊¹, 张珽^1,2, 李铁^1,2

1.中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所,苏州 215123;
2.中国科学技术大学纳米科学技术学院,苏州 215100

收稿日期:2025-07-08 修回日期:2025-10-21
通讯作者: 张珽,研究员. E-mail: tzhang2009@sinano.ac.cn; 李铁,研究员. E-mail: tli2014@sinano.ac.cn
作者简介:曹颖(2001-),女,硕士研究生. E-mail: cy13897985409@mail.ustc.edu.cn
基金资助:
江西省自然科学基金杰出青年基金(20224ACB212001); 国家自然科学基金(62471466,62125112); 姑苏领军人才项目(ZXL2024378)

Preparation and Sensing Properties of Polyurethane-Carbon Nanotubes@Bismuth Antimonide Hybrid Aerogel

CAO Ying^1,2, PENG Lu¹, XIA Shuang^1,2, BAI Ju¹, ZHANG Ting^1,2, LI Tie^1,2

1. Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China;
2. School of Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215100, China

Received:2025-07-08 Revised:2025-10-21
Contact: ZHANG Ting, professor. E-mail: tzhang2009@sinano.ac.cn; LI Tie, professor. E-mail: tli2014@sinano.ac.cn
About author:CAO Ying (2001-), female, Master candidate. E-mail: cy13897985409@mail.ustc.edu.cn
Supported by:
Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Distinguished Young Scholars Fund Project (20224ACB212001); National Natural Science Foundation of China (62071462, 51702354); Gusu Leading Talent Program (ZXL2024378)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着仿生人形机器人等智能装备的快速发展,具有仿人手指触感功能的柔性触觉传感器技术受到广泛关注。然而,现有多模态柔性触觉传感器所用敏感材料还缺乏选择性响应能力,导致其所输出信号易产生相互交叉干扰的现象,难以满足系统轻量化、集成化的发展需求。基于此,本研究设计并制备了一种新型聚氨酯-碳纳米管@锑化铋(WPU-CNT@Bi₂Te₃)复合气凝胶敏感材料,通过组分比例优化,其最大压缩应变可达60%、压缩强度为9.4 kPa。进一步,其中CNT的压阻效应可实现对机械压力刺激的响应,而Bi₂Te₃的热电效应则能够快速响应外界温度的变化,基于这两种独立感知机制,所构建的柔性触觉传感器实现了对压力与温度的高灵敏感知(压力GF值为-1.28 kPa^-1,温度响应灵敏度为1.2 K^-1,最小感知温差0.4 K),具有快速(压阻响应时间为0.14 s、恢复时间为0.18 s,温度响应时间最快为0.28 s)、高稳定(1300次热循环输出值不衰减)且互不干扰的响应能力,并赋予了所集成机械手对物体软硬及温度等性质的感知功能。

关键词: 气凝胶, 柔性传感器, 压阻效应, 热电效应

Abstract: With the rapid development of intelligent equipment such as bionic humanoid robots, flexible tactile sensors have attracted more and more attentions for their bionic haptic behaviors similar to human fingers. However, the existing sensing materials used for assembling multimodal flexible tactile sensors still lack the high-selective response capabilities, resulting in the cross-interference phenomenon of various output signals, which is difficult to meet the lightweight and integrated requirements of microsystems. Hence, in this study, a new-style polyurethane-carbon nanotubes@bismuth antimonide (WPU-CNT@Bi₂Te₃) hybrid aerogel was designed and prepared, which exhibits a maximum compressive strain of 60% and a compressive strength of 9.4 kPa via the optimization of component ratios. Furtherly, according to the independent sensing principles of the piezoresistive effect of CNTs to mechanical pressure stimuli, and the thermoelectric effect of Bi₂Te₃ to changes in the external temperature, this hybrid aerogel derived flexible tactile sensor achieves high sensitivity (GF value is -1.28 kPa^-1, temperature response sensitivity of 1.2 K^-1, minimum response temperature difference of 0.4 K) and rapid response behaviors (response and recovery times of 0.14 s and 0.18 s for pressure, optimal response time of 0.28 s for temperature) to temperature and pressure, with high sensing stability (no degradation after 1300 thermal cycles) and non-mutual interference behaviors, endowing the equipped robotic hand with the perception capability to recognize both the hardness and temperature of various objects.

Key words: aerogel, flexible sensor, piezoresistive effect, thermoelectric effect

中图分类号:

TB332
O613

曹颖, 彭露, 夏双, 白菊, 张珽, 李铁. 聚氨酯-碳纳米管@锑化铋复合气凝胶的制备及传感性能[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250286.

CAO Ying, PENG Lu, XIA Shuang, BAI Ju, ZHANG Ting, LI Tie. Preparation and Sensing Properties of Polyurethane-Carbon Nanotubes@Bismuth Antimonide Hybrid Aerogel[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250286.

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聚氨酯-碳纳米管@锑化铋复合气凝胶的制备及传感性能

Preparation and Sensing Properties of Polyurethane-Carbon Nanotubes@Bismuth Antimonide Hybrid Aerogel

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