极端环境用超高温陶瓷结构材料研究进展

doi:10.15541/jim20250054

无机材料学报

• 联合综述 • 下一篇

极端环境用超高温陶瓷结构材料研究进展

李筱暄¹, 付前刚¹, 文子豪², 杨金山³, 倪德伟³, 董绍明³, 张洁⁴, 程源⁵, 刘昱轩⁵, 褚衍辉², 蔡飞燕³, 王京阳⁴, 张幸红⁵

1.西北工业大学超高温结构复合材料国家级重点实验室, 西安 710072;
2.华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 广州 510641;
3.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所, 关键陶瓷材料全国重点实验室, 上海 200050;
4.中国科学院金属研究所, 沈阳 110016;
5.哈尔滨工业大学航天学院, 复合材料与结构研究所, 哈尔滨 150001

收稿日期:2025-02-12 修回日期:2025-04-12
作者简介:李筱暄(2000-), 女, 博士研究生. E-mail: lixiaoxuan2017@mail.nwpu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52125203, 52432003, U2441266, 52032003, 52472091, 52222202, 52472114, 52332003); 国家重点研发计划(2021YFA0715800)

Research Progress on Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Structural Materials for Extreme Environments

LI Xiaoxuan¹, FU Qiangang¹, WEN Zihao², YANG Jinshan³, NI Dewei³, DONG Shaoming³, ZHANG Jie⁴, CHENG Yuan⁵, LIU Yuxuan⁵, CHU Yanhui², CAI Feiyan³, WANG Jingyang⁴, ZHANG Xinghong⁵

1. State Key Laboratory of Ultra-High Temperature Structural Composites, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China;
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China;
4. Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
5. Center for Composite Materials and Structures, School of Astronautics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

Received:2025-02-12 Revised:2025-04-12
About author:LI Xiaoxuan (2000-), female, PhD candidate. E-mail: lixiaoxuan2017@mail.nwpu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52125203, 52432003, U2441266, 52032003, 52472091, 52222202, 52472114, 52332003); National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFA0715800)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 超高温陶瓷(Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic,UHTC)结构材料因其在1600 °C以上氧化环境中表现出优异的抗氧化/烧蚀性能、高温强度保持率和抗热冲击性能,成为航空航天、国防装备、能源动力等领域的重要候选材料。近年来,围绕UHTC结构材料的成分调控、微观结构设计、先进制备工艺以及性能优化等方面,基础研究和技术应用均取得了显著进展。以碳化物、硼化物、氮化物等为代表的UHTC体系,正面临着更高温度、更复杂环境的服役需求。为进一步推动极端环境用UHTC结构材料的发展,本文系统地综述了该领域的最新研究进展。首先,详细阐述了UHTC粉体的合成工艺;其次,深入探讨了超高温结构陶瓷的体系、致密化方法及结构调控策略;继而重点分析了超高温陶瓷基复合材料(Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites, UHTCMCs)、超高温陶瓷改性碳/碳复合材料(Ultra-high Temperature Ceramics Modified Carbon/Carbon Composites, UHTCs-C/C)以及UHTC涂层的制备技术及其性能强化策略,着重探讨了其在抗氧化/烧蚀领域的最新突破。同时,本文还指出了UHTC结构材料在极端环境下长期稳定性和可靠性方面面临的主要技术挑战,并对其未来发展趋势进行了前瞻性展望。

关键词: 超高温结构材料, 超高温陶瓷, 复合材料, 涂层, 抗氧化烧蚀, 联合综述

Abstract: Ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) structural materials have emerged as critical candidates in the fileds of aerospace, defence equipment, energy and power sectors due to their outstanding oxidation/ablation resistance, high-temperature strength retention, and thermal shock resistance in oxidative environments exceeding 1600 °C. In recent years, extensive research has been achieved in both fundamental research and technological applications addressing the compositional control, structural design, fabrication techniques, and performance optimization of these materials. UHTC systems, characterized by carbides, borides, and nitrides, are currently facing increasingly stringent demands for enhanced thermal performance in more complex environments. To further advance the development of ultra-high temperature ceramic structural materials for such conditions, this paper systematically reviews the latest research progress in this field. Firstly, synthesis techniques of UHTC powders are elaborated. Subsequently, the systems, densification methods, and structural regulation strategies of ultra-high temperature structural ceramics are presented. Furthermore, the fabrication techniques and performance enhancement strategies of ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composites (UHTCMCs), ultra-high temperature ceramics modified carbon/carbon composites (UHTCs-C/C), and UHTC coatings are examined, with particular emphasis on the latest breakthroughs in oxidation/ablation resistance. Additionally, the primary technical challenges related to the long-term stability and reliability of UHTC structural materials under extreme conditions are identified, and a forward-looking perspective on future development trends is provided.

Key words: ultra-high temperature structural material, ultra-high temperature ceramic, composites, coating, oxidation/ablation resistance, review

中图分类号:

TB332

李筱暄, 付前刚, 文子豪, 杨金山, 倪德伟, 董绍明, 张洁, 程源, 刘昱轩, 褚衍辉, 蔡飞燕, 王京阳, 张幸红. 极端环境用超高温陶瓷结构材料研究进展[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250054.

LI Xiaoxuan, FU Qiangang, WEN Zihao, YANG Jinshan, NI Dewei, DONG Shaoming, ZHANG Jie, CHENG Yuan, LIU Yuxuan, CHU Yanhui, CAI Feiyan, WANG Jingyang, ZHANG Xinghong. Research Progress on Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Structural Materials for Extreme Environments[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250054.

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极端环境用超高温陶瓷结构材料研究进展

Research Progress on Ultra-high Temperature Ceramic Structural Materials for Extreme Environments

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