Fabrication and Characterization of Y-doped ZrO2 Nanofiltration Membranes by Aqueous Sol-Gel Process

doi:10.15541/jim20150557

Abstract

Abstract:

Crack-free tubular yttria-stabilized-zirconia (YSZ) nanofiltration membranes was fabricated via an aqueous Sol-Gel process, using zirconium oxychloride as precursor and water as solvent. This procedure was completely free of organic solvent and thus was environmentally friendly. The influences of precursor concentration and calcination temperature on the particle size of sols, crystal and pore structure were investigated. The results revealed that the sol prepared with lower precursor concentration and calcined at 400℃, has higher content of monoclinic phase, thus leading to the increase of pore size. Subsequently, addition of 8mol% yttrium into the sol inhibits phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic and grain growth, as well as avoid membrane cracking. In addition, retention experiment result shows that the YSZ nanofiltration membrane exhibits a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of 860 Da and a water permeability of 200 L/(m²·h·MPa). Furthermore, ions retention properties of YSZ nanofiltration membrane towards four solutions like NaCl, Na₂SO₄, CaCl₂, and MgCl₂, were conducted at pH 6 and a transmembrane pressure of 0.8 MPa. The retention properties of YSZ nanofiltration membrane towards CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ solutions reach maximum values of 65% and 78%, respectively.

Key words: ZrO2, nanofiltration membrane, Sol-Gel, ions retention

CLC Number:

TQ174

DA Xiao-Wei, QIU Ming-Hui, FAN Yi-Qun. Fabrication and Characterization of Y-doped ZrO₂ Nanofiltration Membranes by Aqueous Sol-Gel Process[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(6): 621-626.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Particle size distribution of sols prepared with different concentrations of precursor

Fig. 2 XRD patterns (a) and monoclinic phase composition (b) of ZrO2 powder prepared from sols synthesized with different concentrations of precursor and calcinated at 400℃

Fig. 3 N2-adsoption isotherm of ZrO2 powder prepared from sols synthesized with different concentrations of precursor and calcinated at 400℃

Table 1 Pore structure data of ZrO2 powder prepared from sols synthesized with different concentrations of precursor and calcinated at 400℃

C/(mol·L^-1)	Adsorption type	BET	BJH
C/(mol·L^-1)	Adsorption type	Specific surface area/ (m²·g^-1)	Pore width/ nm	Pore volume/ (cm³·g^-1)
0.03	IV	30.76	4.7	0.036
0.06	IV	42.05	5.0	0.053
0.10	IV	42.15	4.9	0.052
0.20	IV	35.25	6.6	0.058

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of ZrO2 (a) and YSZ (b) powders calcined at different temperatures

Fig. 5 Relation between average crystallite size of the powders and calcination temperature

Fig. 6 HRTEM images of ZrO2 (a) and YSZ (b) powder calcinated at 400℃

Fig. 7 FESEM micrographs of ZrO2 (a) and YSZ (b) membranes

Fig. 8 Water flux (a) and PEG retention (b) of the nanofiltration membranes

Fig. 9 Effect of concentration on ions retention properties of YSZ nanofiltration membrane

References 27

[1]	LUO J Q, WAN Y H.Effects of pH and salt on nanofiltration-a critical review.Journal of Membrane Science, 2013, 438: 18-28.
[2]	MOHAMMAD A W, TEOW Y H, ANG W L, et al.Nanofiltration membranes review: recent advances and future prospects.Desalination, 2015, 356: 226-254.
[3]	TOPUZ B, CIFTCIOGLU M.Sol-Gel derived mesoporous and microporous alumina membranes.Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2010, 56(3): 287-299.
[4]	QI H, LI S D, JIANG X L, et al.Preparation and ions retention properties of TiO2 nanofiltration membranes.Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2011, 26(3): 305-310.
[5]	QI H, ZHU G Z, LI L, et al.Fabrication of a Sol-Gel derived microporous zirconia membrane for nanofiltration.Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology, 2012, 62(2): 208-216.
[6]	QI H, HAN J, JIANG X L, et al.Preparation and hydrothermal stability of organic-inorganic hybrid silica membrane.Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2010, 25(7): 758-764.
[7]	XIA C R, GAO J F, PENG D K, et al.Preparation of yttria stabilized zirconia ultrafiltration membranes with inorganic precursors.Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2001, 16(1): 188-192.
[8]	LU B, LIN Y S.Sol-Gel synthesis and characterization of mesoporous yttria-stabilized zirconia membranes with graded pore structure.Journal of Materials Science, 2011, 46(21): 7056-7066.
[9]	ZHANG Q J, ZHANG J H, LI M, et al.Interface structures of Al2O3-ZrO2 coated engineering ceramics by Sol-Gel process.Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2002, 17(1): 185-188.
[10]	WANG K, WAN K, ZHANG J, et al.Fabrication and irradiation of nanocrystalline yttrium-stabilized cubic ZrO2 film.Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(6): 593-598.
[11]	GU Y F, KUSAKABE K, MOROOKA S.Effect of chelating agent 1,5-diaminopentane on the microstructures of Sol-Gel derived zirconia membranes.Separation Science and Technology, 2001, 36(16): 3689-3700.
[12]	VAN GESTEL T, SEBOLD D, KRUIDHOF H, et al.ZrO2 and TiO2 membranes for nanofiltration and pervaporation.Journal of Membrane Science, 2008, 318(1/2): 413-421.
[13]	MULLER R H, JACOBS C.Buparvaquone mucoadhesive nanosuspension: preparation, optimisation and long-term stability.International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002, 237(1/2): 151-161.
[14]	XU Q Y, ANDERSON M A.Sol-Gel route to synthesis of microporous of microporous ceramic membranes: preparation and characterization of microporous TiO2 and ZrO2 xerogels.Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77(7): 1939-1945.
[15]	GUIZARD C G, JULBE A C, AYRAL A.Design of nanosized structures in Sol-Gel derived porous solids. Applications in catalyst and inorganic membrane preparation.Journal of Materials Chemistry, 1999, 9(1): 55-65.
[16]	CAI Y Y, CHEN X, WANG Y, et al.Fabrication of palladium-titania nanofiltration membranes via a colloidal Sol-Gel process.Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2015, 201: 202-209.
[17]	DA X, WEN J, LU Y, et al.An aqueous Sol-Gel process for the fabrication of high-flux YSZ nanofiltration membranes as applied to the nanofiltration of dye wastewater.Separation and Purification Technology, 2015, 152: 37-45.
[18]	CAI Y, WANG Y, CHEN X, et al.Modified colloidal Sol-Gel process for fabrication of titania nanofiltration membranes with organic additives.Journal of Membrane Science, 2015, 476: 432-441.
[19]	FABRIS S, PAXTON A T, FINNIS M W.A stabilization mechanism of zirconia based on oxygen vacancies only.Acta Materialia, 2002, 50(20): 5171-5178.
[20]	LI P, CHEN I W.Effect of dopants on zirconia stabilization - AN X-ray absorption study: 2. Trivalent dopants.Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77(5): 1281-1288.
[21]	LI P, CHEN I W, PENNERHAHN J E.Effect of dopants on zirconia stabilization - AN X-ray absorption study: 1. Trivalent dopants.Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1994, 77(1): 118-128.
[22]	KHAN M S, ISLAM M S, BATES D R.Cation doping and oxygen diffusion in zirconia: a combined atomistic simulation and molecular dynamics study.Journal of Materials Chemistry, 1998, 8(10): 2299-2307.
[23]	YAMAMURA Y, KAWASAKI S, SAKAI H.Molecular dynamics analysis of ionic conduction mechanism in yttria-stabilized zirconia.Solid State Ionics, 1999, 126(1/2): 181-189.
[24]	SHUKLA S, SEAL S.Mechanisms of room temperature metastable tetragonal phase stabilisation in zirconia.International Materials Reviews, 2005, 50(1): 45-64.
[25]	PUHLFURSS P, VOIGT A, WEBER R, et al.Microporous TiO2 membranes with a cut off < 500 Da.Journal of Membrane Science, 2000, 174(1): 123-133.
[26]	TSURU T, HIRONAKA D, YOSHIOKA T, et al.Titania membranes for liquid phase separation: effect of surface charge on flux.Separation and Purification Technology, 2001, 25(1/2/3): 307-314.
[27]	TSURU T, HIRONAKA D, YOSHIOKA T, et al.Effect of divalent cations on permeate volume flux through porous titania membranes.Desalination, 2002, 147(1/2/3): 213-216.

Fabrication and Characterization of Y-doped ZrO₂ Nanofiltration Membranes by Aqueous Sol-Gel Process

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 27

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	SHEN Bin, ZHANG Xu, XIONG Huai, LI Haiyuan, XIE Xinglong. Preparation and Optical Properties of Sol-Gel SiO₂ Antireflective Films [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(5): 525-530.
[2]	DAI Le, LIU Yang, GAO Xuan, WANG Shuhao, SONG Yating, TANG Mingmeng, DMITRY V Karpinsky, LIU Lisha, WANG Yaojin. Self-polarization Achieved by Compositionally Gradient Doping in BiFeO₃ Thin Films [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(1): 99-106.
[3]	JIA Yuna, CAO Xu, JIAO Xiuling, CHEN Dairong. Preparation of Alumina Ceramic Continuous Fibers with Inorganic Acidic Aluminum Sol as Precursor [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(11): 1257-1264.
[4]	MAN Xin, WU Nan, ZHANG Mu, HE Hongliang, SUN Xudong, LI Xiaodong. Lu₂O₃-MgO Nano-powder: Synthesis and Fabrication of Composite Infrared Transparent Ceramics [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2021, 36(12): 1263-1269.
[5]	YANG Conggang, MI Le, FENG Aihu, YU Yang, SUN Dazhi, YU Yun. Synthesis and Performance of KH-560 Modified SiO₂ Insulation Coating [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2021, 36(12): 1343-1348.
[6]	ZHU Ben-Bi,ZHANG Wang,ZHANG Zhi-Jian,ZHANG Jian-Zhong,IMRAN Zada,ZHANG Di. Photothermal Enhanced Photocatalytic Properties of Titanium Dioxide (B)/Glass Fiber Cloth [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2019, 34(9): 961-966.
[7]	Shao-Dan ZHANG, Wei-Wei BAO, Hai-Ping MA. Near-infrared Reflective Pigments Based on Cu ²⁺ and Tb ³⁺ Codoped BaZrO₃: Preparation and Performance [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2019, 34(6): 599-604.
[8]	LIU Qian, ZHOU Zhen-Zhen. Progress in Activated-synthesis of Si-based Oxynitrides Materials at Low Temperatures [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(2): 129-137.
[9]	ZHAO Hui-Yue, WANG Xiao-Dong, FENG Jian-Bin, LIU Yuan, HUANG Ji-Chen, SHEN Jun. Environmental Stable SiO₂Antireflective Coating Modified via NH₃/HTMS Vapor Phase Treatment [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(11): 1219-1224.
[10]	HE Fei, LI Ya, LUO Jin, FANG Min-Han, HE Xiao-Dong. Development of SiO₂/C and SiC/C Composites Featuring Aerogel Structures [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(5): 449-458.
[11]	LU Shu-Juan, WANG Chang, ZHAO Bo-Wen, WANG Hao, LIU Jing-Bing, YAN Hui. Electrochromic Properties of PEG-modified Tungsten Oxide Thin Films [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(2): 185-190.
[12]	CHEN Ting, ZHA Jian-Rui, ZHANG Xiao-Jun, JIANG Wei-Hui, JIANG Wan, LIU Jian-Min, WU Qian. Silane Coupling Agent on Synthesis and Antioxidation Property of Zircon Film [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(11): 1154-1158.
[13]	ZHENG Lei, LI Jin, LIU Hong-Bo. Carbon Aerogels Prepared Based on Sol-Gel Reaction of Cellulose Colloid with AEP and Its Adsorption of Copper Ions in Aqueous Solution [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(11): 1159-1164.
[14]	MA Peng-Fei, LI Ri-Hong, ZHANG Long. Sol-Gel-derived Mesoporous Calcium Aluminum Phosphate Bioactive Glasses with High Surface Area [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(1): 107-112.
[15]	HU Ya-Hua, GU Mu, ZHANG Zhi-Yuan, LIU Xiao-Lin, HUANG Shi-Ming, LIU Bo, ZHANG Juan-Nan. Fabrication and Characterization of Lu₂O₃ Nanowire Arrays by Sol-Gel Template Method Assisted with Ultrasonic Treatment [J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2016, 31(8): 807-811.