II/Z-type Bi2MoO6/Ag2O/Bi2O3 Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline under Visible Light Irradiation

doi:10.15541/jim20230408

Abstract

Abstract:

Construction of heterojunction can effectively suppress the swift recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes in photocatalyst. In this study, a II/Z-type Bi₂MoO₆/Ag₂O/Bi₂O₃heterojunction photocatalyst was synthesized using a solvothermal method combined with calcination. Various techniques were ultilized to examine the composition, morphology and photoelectrochemical properties of the as-prepared materials. The findings revealed that the optimal composition of the composite material was 25%ABOBM (with a mass ratio of Ag₂O/Bi₂O₃ and Bi₂MoO₆ of 1 : 4). Under visible light irradiation, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline (TC) by 25%ABOBM reached 85.6%, which was significantly higher than that of Ag₂O/Bi₂O₃ and Bi₂MoO₆, and maintained its good stability after three cycles of experiments. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of 25%ABOBM is attributed to the formation of heterojunctions and the unique morphologies among Ag₂O, Bi₂O₃ and Bi₂MoO₆. Both h⁺ and ·O₂^- are significant contributors, while ·OH and ¹O₂ have secondary roles in the degradation process of TC, as indicated by free radical capture experiment and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). Furthermore, the related photocatalytic mechanisms were explored, and the potential degradation pathways of TC were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This study offers a novel approach to the preparation of photocatalysts with dual heterojunctions and demonstrates their application in the degrading organic pollutants.

Key words: Bi₂MoO₆, Ag₂O, Bi₂O₃, photocatalytic degradation, tetracycline, heterojunction

CLC Number:

O643

YE Maosen, WANG Yao, XU Bing, WANG Kangkang, ZHANG Shengnan, FENG Jianqing. II/Z-type Bi₂MoO₆/Ag₂O/Bi₂O₃ Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline under Visible Light Irradiation[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(3): 321-329.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1 XRD patterns (a) and XPS characterization (b-f) of different samples (b) Survey; (c) Bi4f; (d) O1s; (e) Ag3d; (f) Mo3d

Fig. 2 SEM images of AgBiO3 (a), BO (b), ABO (c), BM (d), and 25%ABOBM (e, f); HRTEM images (g, h) and elemental mappings (i) of 25%ABOBM

Fig. 3 UV-Vis DRS of BO, ABO, BM, and 25%ABOBM (a); Tauc curves of BO and BM (b) Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. 4 Degradation curves of TC over different materials (a) ABO, BM, and different ratios of ABOBM composites; (b) Different materials systems

Fig. 5 Possible degradation paths of TC

Fig. 6 Free radical capture experiments (a), signals of DMPO-•O2- (b) and DMPO-•OH (c) in EPR spectra

Fig. 7 Photocurrent response curves (a), EIS plots (b) and PL curves (c) of ABO, BM, and 25%ABOBM, M-S diagrams of BO (d) and BM (e) Colorful figures are available on websites

Fig. 8 Possible photocatalytic mechanisms of 25%ABOBM in degradation of TC (a) Traditional II/I type heterojunction; (b) Ⅱ/Z-type tandem heterojunction

Scheme S1 Preparation process of Bi2MoO6/Ag2O/Bi2O3

Fig. S1 Cyclic experiment of 25%ABOBM degradation of TC under visible light irradiation (a) and XRD patterns of 25%ABOBM before and after cycling test (b)

Fig. S2 LC-MS results of intermediate products of TC

Table S1 Intermediate products in the TC photocatalytic degradation by 25%ABOBM under visible light irradiation

TPs	Retention time/min	m/z
TC	6.73	445
P1	6.83	417
P2	4.52	342
P3	1.88	227
P4	1.35	158
P5	11.02	413
P6	5.8	399
P7	15.68	346
P8	0.71	192
P9	11.02	476
P10	12.67	340
P11	7.99	171
P12	4.89	114
P13	9.07	111
P14	2.63	85
P15	2.63	60

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II/Z-type Bi₂MoO₆/Ag₂O/Bi₂O₃ Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline under Visible Light Irradiation

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