热震中7YSZ热障涂层结构演变

doi:10.15541/jim20150199

无机材料学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 1261-1266.DOI: 10.15541/jim20150199 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20150199

热震中7YSZ热障涂层结构演变

张小锋^1,2,3, 周克崧^1,2,3, 张吉阜^2,3, 张永^2,3, 刘敏^2,3, 邓春明^2,3

(1.华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院广州510640; 2.广州有色金属研究院现代材料表面工程技术国家工程实验室, 广州510650; 3.广州有色金属研究院新材料研究所, 广州510650)

收稿日期:2015-04-23 修回日期:2015-06-09 出版日期:2015-12-20 网络出版日期:2015-11-24
作者简介:张小锋(1986–), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail: zxf200808@126.com
基金资助:
国家“973”计划项目(2012CB625100);国家“863”计划项目(2012AA03A512);National Basic Research Program of China (2012CB625100);National High-tech Research and Development Program of China (2012AA03A512)

Structure Evolution of 7YSZ Thermal Barrier Coating During Thermal Shock Testing

ZHANG Xiao-Feng^1,2,3, ZHOU Ke-Song^{1, 2,3}, ZHANG Ji-Fu^2,3, ZHANG Yong^2,3, LIU Min^2,3, DENG Chun-Ming^2,3

(1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; 2. National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Materials Surface Engineering Technology, Guangzhou Research Institute of Non-ferrous Metals, Guangzhou 510650, China; 3. Institute of New Materials, Guangzhou Research Institute of Non-ferrous Metals, Guangzhou 510650, China)

Received:2015-04-23 Revised:2015-06-09 Published:2015-12-20 Online:2015-11-24
About author:ZHANG Xiao-Feng. E-mail: zxf200808@126.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用低温超音速等离子喷涂(LT-HVOF)在镍基高温合金基体上制备了NiCoCrAlYTa粘结层, 使用大气等离子喷涂(APS)在粘结层上`制备了7wt%Y₂O₃-ZrO₂ (7YSZ) 陶瓷层。基于动态试验即热震实验研究了粘结层的扩散氧化机制, 探讨了陶瓷层的烧结及相变过程并观察了涂层的结构演变。实验结果表明: 动态热循环下随着热震次数的增加, 粘结层组元扩散氧化形成热生长氧化物(TGO)且厚度逐渐增加。此外, 粘结层组元在温度梯度下沿陶瓷层内部裂纹向高温区扩散, 最终在陶瓷层表面裂纹区域出现大量的金属氧化物, 同时粘结层组元的扩散有助于陶瓷层的烧结, 导致其显微硬度逐渐增大, 而粘结层由于Kirkendall效应, 其内部出现大量的孔洞导致其显微硬度逐渐降低。另外, 陶瓷层在相变及热循环应力的作用下表面出现了大尺度的宏观裂纹。

关键词: 热震, 热生长氧化物, 失效机理, 结构演变

Abstract:

Bond coating NiCoCrAlYTa was prepared on nickel-based superalloy by low temperature-high velocity oxygen flame (LT-HVOF). Then 7wt% Y₂O₃ stabilized ZrO₂ ceramic coating was fabricated on bond coating by air plasma spray (APS). Diffusion principles of bond coating were investigated under thermal cycle by using multi-functional flame tester. Sintering and phase transformation of ceramic coating were studied. The experiment results show that with thermal cycle increase, thermally grown oxide (TGO) forms at the interface of ceramic-bond coating and its thickness continuously increases. Besides, the bond coating further diffuses to surface of ceramic coating. Lots of oxides appears on the surface of ceramic coating nearing microcrack. Diffusion of bond coating to surface contributes to sintering of ceramic coating, which leads to increase of microhardness. Additionally, plenty of voids were appeares in bond coating for Kirkendall effect resulting in decrease of microhardness. Large-scale cracks are observed after thermal cycle due to phase transformation and thermal residual stress.

Key words: thermal shock, TGO, failure mechanism, structure evolution

中图分类号:

TQ174

张小锋, 周克崧, 张吉阜, 张永, 刘敏, 邓春明. 热震中7YSZ热障涂层结构演变[J]. 无机材料学报, 2015, 30(12): 1261-1266.

ZHANG Xiao-Feng, ZHOU Ke-Song, ZHANG Ji-Fu, ZHANG Yong, LIU Min, DENG Chun-Ming. Structure Evolution of 7YSZ Thermal Barrier Coating During Thermal Shock Testing[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2015, 30(12): 1261-1266.

图/表 11

图1 高温合金基体加工尺寸

Fig. 1 Processing size of superalloy substrate

表1 LT-HVOF喷涂粘结层参数

Table 1 Parameters of NiCoCrAlYTa coating by LT-HVOF

Materials	Petrol /(L•h^-1)	Oxygen /(L•min^-1)	Combustor chamber pressure /MPa	Feed rate /(×10^-3, m³·min^-1)	Stand-off distance /mm
NiCoCrAlYTa	13	800	60	8	150

表2 APS喷涂7YSZ陶瓷层参数

Table 2 Parameters of 7YSZ coating by APS

Materials	Current/A	Voltage/V	Ar/slpm	H₂/slpm	Carrier gas Ar /slpm	Feed rate /(r•min^-1)	Stand-off distance/mm
7YSZ	680	67	45	5	4	2	110

图2 多功能燃气冲击实验仪

Fig. 2 Multi-functional flame tester

图3 (a)原始喷涂态陶瓷-金属界面和(b)热震1000次后陶瓷-金属界面形貌

Fig. 3 Interface micrographs of as-sprayed TBC (a) and TBC after 1000 cycles(b)

图4 TGO厚度随热震次数的变化

Fig. 4 Relationship between TGO thickness and cycle number

图5 (a)喷涂态陶瓷表面和(b)FIB切割后涂层断面形貌

Fig. 5 Morphologies of (a) surface of as-sprayed ceramic coating and (b) cross section milled by FIB

图6 热震1000次后涂层表面形貌(a)和其表面疏松反应物EDS分析(b)

Fig. 6 Surface morphology of ceramic coating after 1000 cycles (a) and EDS analysis of the reaction on the surface (b)

图7 陶瓷层与粘结层断面显微硬度与热震次数的关系

Fig. 7 Relationship between microhardness and cycle number consisted of ceramic and bond coating

图8 涂层的XRD图谱

Fig. 8 XRD patterns of powders and ceramic coating. (a) 7YSZ powders; (b) as-sprayed TBC; (c) 100 cycles; (d) 300 cycles; (e) 600 cycles; (f) 1000 cycles

图9 热震1000次后涂层表面形貌

Fig. 9 Surface morphology of ceramic coating after 1000 cycles

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热震中7YSZ热障涂层结构演变

Structure Evolution of 7YSZ Thermal Barrier Coating During Thermal Shock Testing

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