电致变色型智能可视化湿度系统

doi:10.15541/jim20230440

无机材料学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 432-440.DOI: 10.15541/jim20230440 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20230440

所属专题：【信息功能】敏感陶瓷（202409）

电致变色型智能可视化湿度系统

甄明硕¹^,²(), 刘晓然¹^,², 范向前², 张文平², 严东东¹, 刘磊², 李晨¹()

1.中北大学 1. 动态测试技术国家重点实验室
2.能源与动力工程学院, 太原 030051

收稿日期:2023-09-26 修回日期:2023-12-12 出版日期:2024-04-20 网络出版日期:2024-01-08
通讯作者: 李晨, 教授. E-mail: lichen@nuc.edu.cn
作者简介:甄明硕(1997-), 男, 硕士研究生. E-mail: zms13315690479@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(62205311);国家自然科学基金(522755552);中国航空发动机集团产学研合作项目(HFZL2020CXY019);中央引导地方科技发展基金(YDZJSX2022C007);天津大学精密测量技术及仪器国家重点实验室项目(pilab2206)

Electrochromic Intelligent Visual Humidity Indication System

ZHEN Mingshuo¹^,²(), LIU Xiaoran¹^,², FAN Xiangqian², ZHANG Wenping², YAN Dongdong¹, LIU Lei², LI Chen¹()

1. State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Measurement Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
2. School of Energy and Power Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China

Received:2023-09-26 Revised:2023-12-12 Published:2024-04-20 Online:2024-01-08
Contact: LI Chen, professor. E-mail: lichen@nuc.edu.cn
About author:ZHEN Mingshuo (1997-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: zms13315690479@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(62205311);National Natural Science Foundation of China(522755552);China Aviation Development Group Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project(HFZL2020CXY019);Central Government Guided Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(YDZJSX2022C007);State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Tianjin University(pilab2206)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

近年来, 湿度传感器在食品安全、土壤监测等领域的应用引起了广泛关注。传统湿度传感器具有稳定性好、灵敏度高等优点, 但大部分湿度传感系统通常采用有线连接和外接庞大设备来将湿度信号转换为可识别的波形, 无法对湿度信息的变化进行实时的可视化监测。将湿度信息直接转换为肉眼可观测的颜色信号为上述问题提供了一种理想解决方案。本研究将湿度传感器与电致变色器件集成一体来制备智能可视化湿度指示系统, 通过将湿度信号转换为电压信号来驱动电致变色器件(Electrochromic devices, ECDs), 从而实现系统稳定可逆的颜色变化。采用三氧化钨(WO₃)作为负极、锌箔(Zn)作为正极制备的ECDs会根据湿度传感器的输出电压的变化来转变不同的工作状态, 从而产生肉眼可观测的颜色信号。采用紫外-可见分光光度计与电化学工作站对ECDs的电化学性能以及电致变色性能进行研究和表征。随后, 通过示波器和湿度发生平台对调理电路性能进行分析。结果表明: 智能电致变色型湿度指示器具有良好的稳定性和快速的响应性能, 其中, 着色时间与褪色时间仅为7.5和4.5 s, 并且在300个循环后, 光学调制幅度(ΔT)与初始值相比基本保持不变(保持率可达95%以上)。因此, 这种设计新颖、结构简单的可视化湿度系统在人工智能、智能农业等领域具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 电致变色器件, 湿度传感器, 可视化监测, 人工智能

Abstract:

In recent years, humidity sensors have attracted widespread attention from researchers in fields such as food safety and soil monitoring. Traditional humidity sensors exhibit the advantages of good stability and high sensitivity. However, most humidity sensing systems convert humidity signals into recognizable waveforms through wired connections and large external devices, making it impossible to achieve real-time visual monitoring of changes in humidity information. Currently, direct conversion of humidity information into visible color signals by eyes provides an ideal solution to the aforementioned problems but still lacks intelligent monitor capacity. This study integrated humidity sensors and electrochromic devices (ECDs) to prepare an intelligent visual humidity monitoring system. By converting humidity signals into voltage signals to drive ECDs, stable and reversible color change in the system could be achieved. The ECDs were prepared using tungsten trioxide (WO₃) as the negative electrode and zinc foil (Zn) as the positive electrode. Based on the output voltage of the humidity sensor, it achieves transitions between different working states, thereby generating color signals that can be observed by the naked eyes. Electrochemical performance and electrochromic performance of ECDs were tested and characterized by using a UV-visible spectrophotometer and an electrochemical workstation. Subsequently, the performance of the conditioning circuit was analyzed using an oscilloscope and a humidity generation platform. The results show that the intelligent electrochromic humidity indicator has good stability and rapid response performance, where the coloring time and fading time are only 7.5 s and 4.5 s, respectively. After 300 cycles, the optical modulation (ΔT) is basically maintained the same as the initial value, and the retention rate can reach more than 95%. Therefore, this visual humidity indication system which possesses novel design and simple structure has promising broad application in fields such as artificial intelligence and intelligent agriculture.

Key words: electrochromic device, humidity sensor, visual monitoring, artificial intelligence

中图分类号:

TQ174

甄明硕, 刘晓然, 范向前, 张文平, 严东东, 刘磊, 李晨. 电致变色型智能可视化湿度系统[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(4): 432-440.

ZHEN Mingshuo, LIU Xiaoran, FAN Xiangqian, ZHANG Wenping, YAN Dongdong, LIU Lei, LI Chen. Electrochromic Intelligent Visual Humidity Indication System[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(4): 432-440.

图/表 10

图1 WO3的形貌表征及性能

Fig. 1 Characterization and performance of WO3 (a) SEM image of WO3; (b) XRD pattern of WO3; (c) XPS spectrum of WO3 thin film in the binding energy range of 0-1200 eV; (d) CV curves at different scanning speeds; (e) Transmission spectra of WO3 in bleached and colored states (photos of WO3 in different states in the illustration); (f) 2000 cycles performance of WO3

图2 电致变色器件的电致变色性能

Fig. 2 Electrochromic performance of ECDs (a) Changes in transmittance at different voltages of 300-900 nm wavelengths; (b) Changes in corresponding transmittance at different voltages; (c) Response time of ECDs; (d) Stability of electrochromic performance of ECDs; (e) Optical images of ECDs at different voltages

图3 SHT30湿度传感器的湿度信息与输出电压的关系

Fig. 3 Relationship between humidity and output voltage of SHT30 humidity sensor

图4 Multisim的仿真结果

Fig. 4 Simulation results of Multisim (a) Voltage output at 100% RH; (b) Voltage output at 0 RH

图5 调理电路的性能

Fig. 5 Performance of conditioning circuits (a) Circuit diagram of the conditioning circuits; (b) Circuit performance testing platform; (c) Voltage changes at different humidities; (d) Voltage stability at different humidities

图6 电致变色型智能可视化湿度指示系统的性能测试

Fig. 6 Performance testing of an electrochromic intelligent visual humidity indicator system (a) Structure of testing platform; (b) Color change of ECDs at different humidity conditions; (c) Transmittance under different humidity environments; (d) Stability performance of transmittance at different humidity conditions Colorful figures are available on website

图S1 (a)电致变色器件在不同扫速下的CV曲线和(b)不同电流密度下的充放电曲线

Fig. S1 (a) CV curves of ECDs at different scanning speeds and (b) charge-discharge curves under different current densities

视频S1 电致变色器件的颜色变化

Video S1 Color changes of ECDs

图S2 在10% RH, 40% RH, 70% RH, 90% RH湿度下的输出电压

Fig. S2 Output voltage at humidity of 10% RH, 40% RH, 70% RH, and 90% RH, respectively

图S3 调理电路的电路图

Fig. S3 Circuit diagram for conditioning circuits

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电致变色型智能可视化湿度系统

Electrochromic Intelligent Visual Humidity Indication System

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