电解液组分对TiCP/Ti6Al4V复合材料微弧氧化膜耐蚀性及耐磨性影响

doi:10.15541/jim20160355

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用微弧氧化技术在 TiC_P/Ti6Al4V 复合材料表面制备陶瓷膜。在NaAlO₂和NaH₂PO₂两种溶液体系中通过添加不同添加剂 NaOH、C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O和Na₂SiO₃, 研究电解液组分对陶瓷膜组织、耐蚀性和耐磨性的影响。结果表明: 在NaH₂PO₂电解液体系中生成的膜层由金红石型和锐钛矿型TiO₂相组成, 而在NaAlO₂体系中除了生成TiO₂外, 还生成了Al₂TiO₅和γ-Al₂O₃。添加NaOH可以加快微弧氧化反应速率, 添加NaAlO₂和Na₂SiO₃有利于提高膜层的硬度, NaH₂PO₂溶液体系中形成的膜层厚度是NaAlO₂溶液体系的2~3倍。在NaAlO₂和NaH₂PO₂电解液体系中生成的膜层, 其耐腐蚀性能排序均为: Na₂SiO₃>C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O>NaOH。在NaAlO₂电解液体系中生成的膜层的耐磨性能排序为: Na₂SiO₃>NaOH>C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O, 而在NaH₂PO₂电解液体系中生成的膜层的耐磨性能排序为: Na₂SiO₃>C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O>NaOH。TiC_P/Ti6Al4V复合材料经过微弧氧化处理后, 耐磨性和耐蚀性均优于基体, 在NaH₂PO₂+Na₂SiO₃电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜的耐蚀性最好, 耐磨性也较好, 其腐蚀电流密度较钛基复合材料基体降低约2个数量级, 因此综合性能最好。

关键词: 钛基复合材料, 微弧氧化, 电解液, 耐蚀性, 耐磨性

Abstract:

The ceramic coatings were prepared by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) on the TiC_P/Ti6Al4V composites. The effects of NaOH, C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O and Na₂SiO₃ additives in NaAlO₂ and NaH₂PO₂solutions on the microstructure, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the ceramic coatings were investigated, respectively. The results showed that coatings prepared in NaH₂PO₂ solution were composed of rutile and anatase TiO₂, while coatings prepared in NaAlO₂ solution consisted of Al₂TiO₅, γ-Al₂O₃, rutile and anatase TiO₂. The NaOH addition could increase reaction rate of the micro-arc oxidtion, and the hardness of the MAO coatings could be enhanced by the addition of NaAlO₂ and Na₂SiO₃. The thickness of the coatings formed in NaH₂PO₂ solution is 2-3 times thicker than that of the coating formed in NaAlO₂ solution. The corrosion resistance of the coatings formed both in NaAlO₂ and NaH₂PO₂ solutions, ranked from additives: Na₂SiO₃>C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O>NaOH. Wear resistance of the coatings formed in the NaAlO₂ solution ranked from the additives: Na₂SiO₃>NaOH>C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O, while the wear resistance formed by NaH₂PO₂ solution ranked from additives: Na₂SiO₃>C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O>NaOH. After micro-arc oxidation, all of the corrosion resistant and wear resistance of the MAO coatings were higher than those of the untreated TiC_P /Ti6Al4Vcomposites. The mciro-arc oxidation coatings formed in NaH₂PO₂+Na₂SiO₃ solution showed the best corrosion resistance (about two orders of magnitude higher than that of the substrate) and better wear resistance.

Key words: titanium matrix composites, microarc oxidation, electrolytes, corrosion resistance, wear resistance

中图分类号:

TQ174

罗军明, 吴小红, 徐吉林. 电解液组分对TiC_P/Ti6Al4V复合材料微弧氧化膜耐蚀性及耐磨性影响[J]. 无机材料学报, 2017, 32(4): 418-424.

LUO Jun-Ming, WU Xiao-Hong, XU Ji-Lin. Electrolytic Composition on Wear Resistance and Corrosion Resistance of the Micro-arc Oxidation Coatings on TiC_P/Ti6Al4V Composites[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2017, 32(4): 418-424.

图/表 9

表1 电解液的成分及浓度

Table 1 Composition and concentration of electrolyte

Coated samples	Electrolytes composition	Concentration
Al-1	NaAlO₂+NaOH	10 g/L+2 g/L
Al-2	NaAlO₂+C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O	10 g/L+2 g/L
Al-3	NaAlO₂+Na₂SiO₃	10 g/L+2 g/L
P-1	NaH₂PO₂+NaOH	10 g/L+2 g/L
P-2	NaH₂PO₂+C₁₀H₁₂CaNa₂N₂O₈·4H₂O	10 g/L+2 g/L
P-3	NaH₂PO₂+Na₂SiO₃	10 g/L+2 g/L

图1 不同电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜的表面和截面形貌

Fig. 1 Surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the MAO coatings formed in different electrolytes(a) Al-1; (b) P-1; (c) Al-2; (d) P-2; (e) Al-3; (f) P-3

图2 不同电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜的XRD图谱

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of the MAO coatings formed in different electrolytes(a) Al-1; (b) Al-2; (c) Al-3; (d) P-1; (e) P-2; (f) P-3

图3 不同电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜层的极化曲线图

Fig. 3 Polarization curves of the MAO coatings formed in different electrolytes

表2 不同电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜层的极化曲线计算结果

Table 2 Polarization results of the MAO coatings formed in different electrolytes

Samples	E_corr/V	I_corr/(A·cm^-2)
Substrate	-0.313	5.19×10^-7
Al-1	0.072	5.53×10^-8
Al-2	0.096	5.34×10^-8
Al-3	-0.008	2.75×10^-8
P-1	0.014	8.48×10^-8
P-2	0.135	2.62×10^-8
P-3	-0.284	5.04×10^-9

图4 不同电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜层的摩擦系数-时间曲线

Fig. 4 Friction coefficient-time curves of the MAO coatings formed in different electrolytes

图5 TiCP /Ti6Al4V复合材料基体磨损形貌(a)及不同电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜层磨损量(b)

Fig. 5 Wear morphology of TiCP / Ti6Al4V composite substrate (a) and the wear mass loss of the MAO coatings formed in different electrolytes (b)

图6 不同电解液中生成的微弧氧化膜层的磨损形貌图

Fig. 6 Surface worn morphologies of the MAO coatings formed in different electrolytes(a) Al-1; (b) P-1; (c) Al-2; (d) P-2; (e) Al-3; (f) P-3

图7 NaAlO2-NaOH电解液中生成的膜层磨损后的EDS分析结果

Fig. 7 EDS analyses of the worn surface formed in NaAlO2-NaOH solution

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