Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol over N-doped TiO2 Nanofibers under Visible Irradiation

doi:10.15541/jim20170540

Abstract

Abstract:

TiO₂ nanofibers with a diameter size of 8-10 nm were prepared on the surface of the mesoporous SiO₂ spheres through a vapor-phase growth method. And nitrogen doped TiO₂ (N-TiO₂) nanofibers were also successfully fabricated in the same way. The N atoms replaced the oxygen sites in the lattices of TiO₂. The N-TiO₂nanofibers exhibited a highly catalytic activity under visible irradiation. XPS, UPS, XRD, SEM, TEM, UV-Vis, and PL were used to analyze and characterize the nanofibers. The annealed nanofibers were composed of highly crystalline anatase phase. Nitrogen doping narrowed band gap of the TiO₂ nanofibers and enhanced absorption of the visible light. Meanwhile, photo-generated electrons over the N-TiO₂ nanofibers exhibited more reductive potential than those over the TiO₂ nanofibers. Thus, methanol yield was remarkably improved in CO₂ photocatalytic reduction. Upon irradiation of 300 W Xe lamp for 2 h, methanol yield was 493.4 μmol∙g^-1∙h^-1 over the N-doped TiO₂ nanofibers, and the corresponding turnover frequency (TOF) was 0.089 h^-1. Comparatively, methanol yield reached 695.1 μmol∙g^-1∙h^-1 for N-TiO₂ with a TOF of 0.125 h^-1, which enhanced by 40.1% and 40.4%, respectioely.

Key words: CO₂, visible light, methanol, TiO₂ nanofiber

CLC Number:

TQ174

KE Yin-Huan, ZENG Min, JIANG Hong, XIONG Chun-Rong. Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol over N-doped TiO₂ Nanofibers under Visible Irradiation[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2018, 33(8): 839-844.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1 Formation process of TiO2 nanofibers

Fig. 2 SEM image of mesoporous silica spheres

Fig. 3 SEM and TEM images of the nanofibers(a, b) TiO2; (c, d) N-TiO2

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of TiO2 and N-TiO2 nanofibers annealed at 450℃for 8 h

Table 1 Crystal cell parameters of TiO2 and N-TiO2 nanofibers

Cell parameters	TiO₂	N-TiO₂
a	3.7820	3.7851
c	9.5021	9.5140

Fig. 5 High-resolution XPS spectra of (a) Ti2p and (b) N1s

Fig. 6 UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectra of the samples

Fig. 7 Optical absorption edges of TiO2 and N-TiO2 nanofibers

Fig. 8 Photoluminescence spectra of TiO2 and N-TiO2

Fig. 9 Photocatalytic performances over the samples

Fig. 10 Ultraviolet photoelectron spectra of the photocatalysts

Fig. 11 Band structure diagram of the photocatalysts

References 29

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Photocatalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Methanol over N-doped TiO₂ Nanofibers under Visible Irradiation

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