Abstract: Chronic non-healing wounds associated with metabolic disorders, particularly diabetes, remain a major clinical challenge. The pathogenesis of these refractory wounds involves a dysregulated microenvironment characterized by bacterial colonization, impaired angiogenesis, and persistent inflammation. Although pH plays a pivotal role in wound healing and drug release, conventional pH-responsive hydrogels rely on passive responses to endogenous pH variations, which are often ineffective in chronic wounds where pH levels persistently deviate from the physiological range. To address this limitation, a multifunctional composite hydrogel (HPL-PDA@Cur-BG) capable of active, on-demand pH regulation was designed and prepared. This system integrates curcumin-loaded polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA@Cur NPs) and bioactive glass (BG) within a conductive hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)/polyacrylamide (PAM) double-network matrix. Under external direct current stimulation, the hydrogel enables dynamic pH modulation to trigger the intelligent release of anti-inflammatory agents. Concurrently, the polydopamine component confers photothermal antibacterial activity, while functional ions released from BG promote angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. The engineered hydrogel exhibits superior electrical conductivity (1.87 S·m^-1) and achieves an antibacterial rate of about 98% under synergistic electrical stimulation and near-infrared irradiation. Collectively, this work provides a promising active therapeutic strategy for the treatment of refractory chronic infected wounds.

Key words: conductive hydrogel, electrical stimulation response, pH regulation, wound dressing