Effect of PbTiO3 Content Variation on High-power Performance of PMN-PT Single Crystal

doi:10.15541/jim20240469

Abstract

Abstract:

Lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) piezoelectric single crystals are widely utilized due to their outstanding performance, with varying compositions significantly impacting their properties. While application of PMN-PT in high-power settings is rapidly evolving, material parameters are typically tested under low signal conditions (1 V), and effects of different PT (PbTiO₃) contents on the performance of PMN-PT single crystals under high-power conditions remain unclear. This study developed a comprehensive high-power testing platform using the constant voltage method to evaluate performance of PMN-PT single crystals with different PT contents under high-power voltage stimulation. Using crystals sized at 10 mm×3 mm×0.5 mm as an example, this research explored changes in material parameters. The results exhibit that while trend of the parameter changes under high-power excitation was consistent across different PT contents, degree of the change varied significantly. For instance, a PMN-PT single crystal with 26% (in mol) PT content exhibited a 25% increase in the piezoelectric coefficient $d_{31}$, a 13% increase in the elastic compliance coefficient $s_{11}^{E}$, a 17% increase in the electromechanical coupling coefficient $k_{31}$, and a 73% decrease in the mechanical quality factor $Q_{\mathrm{m}}$ when the power reached 7.90 W. As the PT content increased, the PMN-PT materials became more susceptible to temperature influences, significantly reducing the power tolerance and more readily reaching the depolarization temperatures. This led to loss of piezoelectric performance. Based on these findings, a clearer understanding of impact of PT content on performance of PMN-PT single crystals under high-power applications has been established, providing reliable data to support design of sensors or transducers using PMN-PT as the sensitive element.

Key words: piezoelectric single crystal, PMN-PT, high-power testing, constant voltage method, material parameter

CLC Number:

TQ174

WANG Xiaobo, ZHU Yuliang, XUE Wenchao, SHI Ruchuan, LUO Bofeng, LUO Chengtao. Effect of PbTiO₃ Content Variation on High-power Performance of PMN-PT Single Crystal[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(7): 840-846.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Constant voltage method test system

Fig. 2 PMN-PT samples and test equipments (a) PMN-PT samples; (b) $d_{33}$ instrument; (c) Impedance analyzer

Table 1 Small-signal material parameters of PMN-PT with different PT contents

PT content/%	Dielectric constant/ kHz	Capacitance/ nF	Loss tangent/%	$d_{33}^{*}$/ (pC·N^–1)
26	4518	2.4	0.9	1170
29	5082	2.7	0.9	1500
33	6776	3.6	1.6	2200

Fig. 3 Impedance curves of PMN-PT with different PT contents (a) 26% PT; (b) 29% PT; (c) 33% PT

Fig. 4 $s_{11}^{E}$ curves of PMN-PT with different PT contents

Fig. 5 $k_{31}$ curves of PMN-PT with different PT contents

Fig. 6 $d_{31}$ curves of PMN-PT with different PT contents

Fig. 7 $Q_{\mathrm{m}}$ curves of PMN-PT with different PT content

Fig. S1 Infrared temperature probe monitoring image

Fig. S2 Temperature curve of the piezoelectric material

References 21

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Effect of PbTiO₃ Content Variation on High-power Performance of PMN-PT Single Crystal

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