埃洛石为模板合成中孔炭

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2014.13462

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以天然矿物埃洛石为模板, 蔗糖为碳源合成了具有“壳-核”结构的中孔炭。通过SEM、TEM、N₂吸附、XRD、Raman、TG对样品进行了形貌和结构表征。结果表明: 模板炭具有一维管状结构, 与埃洛石具有相似的形貌。经过700℃和900℃炭化后的模板炭比表面积达到了945 m²/g和1147 m²/g, 孔容和中孔率也较埃洛石有了很大的提高。去除模板后得到的模板炭具有很高的纯度, 为无定形炭。升高炭化温度, 模板炭的拉曼特征参数R值降低, 热分解温度由563℃提高到623℃。同时, 对模板炭的形成过程及孔道形成机理进行了分析和讨论。

关键词: 埃洛石, 模板, 中孔炭

Abstract:

Mesoporous carbons with“core-shell”structure were synthesized using halloysite as template and sucrose as carbon precursor by a template method. Field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), nitrogen adsorption, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra and Thermogravimetry (TG) were employed to cheracterize the as-synthesized materials. Results indicate that the morphology and structure of the templated carbons are similar to that of halloysite. The carbons exhibit higher specific surface area (945 m²/g and 1147 m²/g), higher pore volumes and mesopore volume fraction than that of halloysite. The carbons present high purity and amorphous structure. Raising the carbonization temperature, the Raman characteristic parameter (R) of the carbons decreases and their decomposition temperature increases from 563℃ to 623℃. At the same time, the formation mechanism of the carbons and their pores is also discussed.

Key words: halloysite, template, mesoporous carbon

中图分类号:

TQ424

周述慧, 传秀云. 埃洛石为模板合成中孔炭[J]. 无机材料学报, 2014, 29(6): 584-588.

ZHOU Shu-Hui, CHUAN Xiu-Yun. Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbon Using Halloyiste As Template[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2014, 29(6): 584-588.

图/表 9

图1 埃洛石的SEM照片(a)和TEM照片(b)

Fig. 1 SEM (a) and TEM (b) images of halloysite

图2 样品HC-700的SEM照片(a)和TEM照片(b); 样品C-700的SEM照片(c)和(d)

Fig. 2 SEM (a) and TEM (b) images of sample HC-700 and SEM images of sample C-700 (c, d)

图3 样品C-700的TEM照片(a)及方框对应的放大照片(b)

Fig. 3 TEM image of sample C-700 (a) and corresponding magnified image of the square area (b)

图4 样品C-700和C-900的氮气吸附-脱附等温线

Fig. 4 N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of samples C-700 and C-900

表1 埃洛石和模板炭的比表面积和孔结构信息

Table 1 Specific surface area and pore parameters of halloysite and templated carbons

Sample	S_BET/ (m²•g^-1)	V_total/ (cm³•g^-1)	V_meso/(cm³•g^-1)	Average pore size / nm	Mesoporosity / %
Halloysite	69	0.26	0.22	9.3	84
C-700	945	1.58	1.56	6.3	98
C-900	1147	2.25	2.17	7.1	96

图5 埃洛石以及模板炭C-700和C-900的XRD图谱

Fig. 5 XRD patterns of halloyiste and the templated carbons C-700 and C-900

图6 样品C-700 和C-900的拉曼光谱

Fig. 6 Raman spectra of samples C-700 and C-900

Table 2 Raman characteristic parameters (R) of samples C-700 and C-900

Sample	R₁	R₂	R₃
C-700	2.67	2.87	2.69	2.74
C-900	2.31	2.29	2.17	2.26

图7 样品C-700和C-900的热重曲线

Fig. 7 TG curves of samples C-700 and C-900

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