铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅(PMN-PT)陶瓷的电卡效应

doi:10.15541/jim20250077

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 电卡效应制冷技术因其高效节能、易小型化及环境友好等优势成为固态制冷领域的研究热点,然而在低电场下实现大绝热温变(ΔT)和宽工作温区(T_span)仍面临挑战。本研究通过传统固相反应法制备了不同钛酸铅(PT)含量的(1-x)Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-xPbTiO₃(x = 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, 0.14)铁电弛豫体陶瓷,探究了PT含量对材料电卡性能的影响机制。结果表明,随着PT含量增加,材料的弛豫体特性逐渐减弱,介电频率色散程度降低,铁电行为趋于典型铁电体。其中,0.88PMN-0.12PT样品在50 kV/cm低电场下表现出优异的电卡性能,ΔT最大值达1.60 K,且在30~180 ℃宽温区内ΔT均高于0.5 K。压电力显微镜(Piezoresponse force microscopy, PFM)显示该样品具有均匀分布的长程铁电畴结构,其温度变化源于电场卸载过程中铁电畴从有序态向无序态转变引起的熵变。结合介电、铁电及畴结构分析,揭示了弛豫铁电体的弥散相变特性与宽温区电卡性能的关联性。本研究为低场驱动、宽温区适用的铅基电卡材料设计提供了理论依据,并展示了其在固态制冷器件中的潜在应用价值。

关键词: 铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅, 电卡效应, 弛豫铁电体, 宽温度区间

Abstract: Electrocaloric refrigeration technology has emerged as a research hotspot in solid-state cooling due to its advantages of high energy efficiency, miniaturization potential, and environmental friendliness. However, achieving a large adiabatic temperature change (ΔT) and a wide operation temperature (T_span) under low electric fields remains challenging. In this study, (1-x)Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-xPbTiO₃ (PMN-PT, x = 0.08, 0.10, 0.12, 0.14) ferroelectric relaxor ceramics with different PT contents were synthesized via a conventional solid-state reaction method. The influence of PT concentration on the electrocaloric performance was investigated. Results indicate that increasing PT content weakens the relaxor characteristics, reduces dielectric frequency dispersion, and drives relaxor ferroelectric behavior toward normal ferroelectric. Notably, the 0.88PMN-0.12PT ceramic exhibits outstanding electrocaloric properties under a low electric field of 50 kV/cm, achieving a maximum ΔT of 1.60 K, with ΔT exceeding 0.5 K across a broad temperature range of 30-180 ℃. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) exhibits uniformly distributed long-range ferroelectric domain structure in the sample. The electrocaloric effect originates from entropy changes induced by the transition of ferroelectric domains from an ordered to a disordered state during electric field unloading. By integrating dielectric, ferroelectric, and domain structure analyses, the correlation between the diffuse phase transition of relaxor ferroelectrics and their wide-temperature-range electrocaloric performance is elucidated. This study provides theoretical guidance for designing lead-based electrocaloric materials compatible with low-field driving and wide temperature ranges, demonstrating their potential for applications in solid-state refrigeration devices.

Key words: lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate, electrocaloric effect, relaxor ferroelectrics, wide operating temperature

中图分类号:

TB321

蒋妮玉, 孙浩宸, 林明梅, 王定远, 刘来君. 铌镁酸铅-钛酸铅(PMN-PT)陶瓷的电卡效应[J]. 无机材料学报, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250077.

JIANG Niyu, SUN Haochen, LIN Mingmei, WANG Dingyuan, LIU Laijun. Electrocaloric Effect of Lead Magnesium Niobate-lead Titanate (PMN-PT) Ceramics[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, DOI: 10.15541/jim20250077.

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