基于含氧氢化钆薄膜的宽波段调制光致变色智能窗

doi:10.15541/jim20230539

无机材料学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (4): 441-448.DOI: 10.15541/jim20230539 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20230539

所属专题：【信息功能】敏感陶瓷（202409）

基于含氧氢化钆薄膜的宽波段调制光致变色智能窗

李众少¹(), 李明¹, 曹逊¹^,²()

1.中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所, 上海200050
2.中国科学院大学材料科学与光电工程中心, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2023-11-24 修回日期:2023-12-01 出版日期:2024-04-20 网络出版日期:2024-01-08
通讯作者: 曹逊, 研究员. E-mail: cxun@mail.sic.ac.cn
作者简介:李众少(1998-), 男, 硕士研究生. E-mail: lizhongshao@mail.sic.ac.cn

Broadband-modulated Photochromic Smart Windows Based on Oxygen-containing Gadolinium Hydride Films

LI Zhongshao¹(), LI Ming¹, CAO Xun¹^,²()

1. Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
2. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2023-11-24 Revised:2023-12-01 Published:2024-04-20 Online:2024-01-08
Contact: CAO Xun, professor. E-mail: cxun@mail.sic.ac.cn
About author:LI Zhongshao (1998-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: lizhongshao@mail.sic.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA0718900);Key Collaborative Research Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(ANSO-CR-KP-2021-01);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972328);National Natural Science Foundation of China(62005301);National Natural Science Foundation of China(52002392);National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175248);Shanghai B&R International Cooperation Program(20640770200);Shanghai ‘‘Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan’’ Intergovernmental International Science and Technology Cooperation Program(21520712500);Shanghai Science and Technology Funds(23ZR1481900);Open Project of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2022WNLOKF014);Science Foundation for Youth Scholar of State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures(SKL202202)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

光致变色窗户因结构简单、被动调光和零能耗输入而被认为是一种高效的节能智能窗, 然而有关光致变色智能窗的研究很少涉及中红外(MIR)波段，这限制了节能效率。本研究通过在ITO衬底上生长稀土含氧氢化物(ReO_xH_y)薄膜，实现了宽波段调制的能力。所开发的光致变色智能窗口能够通过感应光强度自动调节发射率，同时保持可见光和近红外(NIR)调制(ΔT_sol=35.1%, ΔT_{l um}=37%, Δε_{8-13 μm}=0.12)。研究还通过优化制备气氛，实现了GdO_xH_y的一步制备并提高了稳定性，通过综合表征分析了光致变色机理。总之，这种跨越可见光-近红外-中红外的被动协同调制方法有望推动光致变色智能窗的发展。

关键词: 光致变色, 稀土含氧氢化物, 智能窗, 动态辐射制冷

Abstract:

Photochromic windows are considered an effective and energy-efficient smart window due to their simple structure, passive light modulation, and zero-energy input. However, the research on photochromic smart windows has rarely addressed the mid-infrared (MIR) bands, which greatly limits energy-saving efficiency. Here, we report that rare-earth oxygen-containing hydrides (ReO_xH_y) films grown on ITO substrates have the ability to be broadband modulated. The developed photochromic smart window is capable of automatically adjusting emissivity by sensing light intensity while maintaining visible and near-infrared (NIR) modulation (ΔT_sol = 35.1%, ΔT_lum = 37%, and Δε_{8-13 μm} = 0.12). We also achieved one-step preparation of GdO_xH_y with improved stability by optimising the preparation atmosphere. The photochromic mechanism was analyzed by comprehensive characterization. In conclusion, this passive and synergistic modulation method across the visible-NIR-MIR is expected to greatly advance the field of photochromic smart windows.

Key words: photochromic, rare-earth oxygen-containing hydride, smart window, dynamic radiative cooling

中图分类号:

TQ174

李众少, 李明, 曹逊. 基于含氧氢化钆薄膜的宽波段调制光致变色智能窗[J]. 无机材料学报, 2024, 39(4): 441-448.

LI Zhongshao, LI Ming, CAO Xun. Broadband-modulated Photochromic Smart Windows Based on Oxygen-containing Gadolinium Hydride Films[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2024, 39(4): 441-448.

图/表 6

Fig. 1 Microstructural characterization of ITO/GdOxHy bilayer film (a) XRD patterns of ITO/GdOxHy before (blue) and after (red) illumination; (b) Schematic crystal structure of GdOxHy; (c-f) SEM images of cross section (c, e) and surface (d, f) of thin film samples with the insets in (d, f) showing the corresponding AFM images

Fig. 2 XPS spectra of ITO/GdOxHy before and after the illumination (a) C1s; (b) O1s; (c) Gd4d

Fig. 3 Effect of sputtering atmosphere on film properties (a) XRD patterns of films prepared under different sputtering atmospheres; (b) Value at the point of maximum change in transmittance for films grown under different sputtering atmospheres; (c) Bleaching time of films under different sputtering atmospheres; (d, e) Transmittance spectra of films before and after stability test

Fig. 4 Effect of temperature on the bleaching rate (a) Energy-barrier relationship between the "bleached state (1)" and "coloring state (2)" at room temperature; (b) Energy-barrier relationship between "bleached state (1)" and "coloring state (2)" when heated; (c) Bleaching rates of films at different temperatures; (d) Variation of transmission spectra of films with time and placed in a temperature field of 70 ℃; (e) Relationship between optical contrast, band gap (Tauc-plot method), and annealing temperature; (f) Transmittance spectra of GdOxHy films at different annealing temperatures; Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. 5 Transimittance and emissivity spectra of the ITO/GdOxHy bilayer film before and after light illumination

Fig. 6 Demonstration of film versatility (a) Variation of emission temperature of ITO (left), ITO/GdOxHy (middle), and glass (right) under UV irradiation; (b) Optical lithography of the “SICCAS” pattern on the surface of the sample by UV light projection

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基于含氧氢化钆薄膜的宽波段调制光致变色智能窗

Broadband-modulated Photochromic Smart Windows Based on Oxygen-containing Gadolinium Hydride Films

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