掺铋钇铁石榴石磁光陶瓷的热压烧结及其性能研究

doi:10.15541/jim20210603

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

钇铁石榴石(Y₃Fe₅O₁₂, YIG)材料因其优异的磁性能和磁光性能在微波通信、激光技术和光纤通讯等领域具有重要应用。离子掺杂是提高YIG材料磁光性能的有效途径之一, 本研究选择离子半径适配的Bi³⁺掺杂改性YIG陶瓷以提高材料的磁光性能。本工作采用固相法热压烧结制备Bi_xY_3-_xFe₅O₁₂ (x=0、0.3、0.6、0.9)陶瓷, 并研究Bi³⁺掺杂对YIG陶瓷材料相结构、微观形貌、红外透过性、磁性能以及磁光性能的影响。结果表明: 陶瓷样品均呈石榴石立方相结构; 显微结构致密, Bi³⁺掺杂后晶粒尺寸不同程度增大; 样品红外透过率良好, 随Bi³⁺掺杂量增大而降低; 陶瓷样品的法拉第旋转角随Bi³⁺掺杂量增加呈线性变化, Bi³⁺掺杂量每增加1% (原子分数), 在波长1064 nm和1550 nm处变化量分别约为-49.0 (°)/cm和-30.2 (°)/cm。Bi_0.6Y_2.4Fe₅O₁₂陶瓷样品在1064 nm和1550 nm波长下法拉第旋转角分别达到-703.3 (°)/cm和-461.5 (°)/cm, 绝对值远高于未掺杂YIG陶瓷的277.6 (°)/cm和172.0 (°)/cm。由此可见, 掺杂适量Bi³⁺可以显著增强YIG陶瓷材料的磁光性能。

关键词: 钇铁石榴石, 磁光陶瓷, 铋掺杂, 红外透光率, 法拉第旋转

Abstract:

Yttrium iron garnet (Y₃Fe₅O₁₂, YIG) materials with excellent magnetic and magneto-optical performances have been widely used in various fields such as the microwave communication, laser technology and optical fiber communication. Ion doping is considered as an effective method to improve the magneto-optical performance of YIG materials. In this study, Bi³⁺ with appropriate ion radius were selected to modify YIG ceramics to improve the magneto-optical properties of the materials. A series of Bi_xY_3-_xFe₅O₁₂ (x=0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9) ceramics were prepared by the hot-pressing sintering process with the solid-state reaction. Phase structure, micro-morphology, infrared transmittance, magnetic and magneto-optical properties of the sintered Bi_xY_3-_xFe₅O₁₂ (x=0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9) ceramics were investigated. All sintered Bi³⁺-doped YIG ceramic samples exhibit the pure garnet phase structure with dense microstructure, and the grain size increases with Bi³⁺ doping. The infrared transmittance of the sample is good, but it decreases with the increase of Bi³⁺ doping content. The Faraday rotation angle of the YIG ceramic sample changes linearly with the Bi³⁺ content increase. When the Bi³⁺ content increases about 1% (in atom), Faraday rotation angle changes about -49.0 (°)/cm and -30.2 (°)/cm at 1064 nm and 1550 nm wavelengths, respectively. Faraday rotation angles of Bi_0.6Y_2.4Fe₅O₁₂ceramic sample at wavelengths of 1064 nm and 1550 nm are -703.3 (°)/cm and -461.5 (°)/cm, respectively, which are much higher than that of the undoped YIG ceramics (277.6 (°)/cm and 172.0 (°)/cm, respectively). The magneto-optical performance of YIG ceramics is enhanced obviously by the Bi³⁺ doping.

Key words: yttrium iron garnet, magneto-optical ceramics, Bi-doped, infrared transmittance, Faraday rotation

中图分类号:

TM284

邹顺, 何夕云, 曾霞, 仇萍荪, 凌亮, 孙大志. 掺铋钇铁石榴石磁光陶瓷的热压烧结及其性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(7): 773-779.

ZOU Shun, HE Xiyun, ZENG Xia, QIU Pingsun, LING Liang, SUN Dazhi. Microstructure and Properties of Bi-doped Yttrium Iron Garnet Magneto-optical Ceramics Prepared by Hot-pressing Sintering Process[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(7): 773-779.

图/表 9

图1 BixY1-xFe5O12陶瓷样品密度与烧结温度的关系曲线(a)和陶瓷样品实物照片(b)

Fig. 1 Density of BixY1-xFe5O12 ceramic samples varies with sintering temperatures (a) and photos of BixY1-xFe5O12 samples (b)

图2 不同烧结温度BixY1-xFe5O12陶瓷样品的红外透过率曲线(d=0.4 mm)

Fig. 2 Infrared transmittance curves of BixY1-xFe5O12 samples sintered at different temperatures (d=0.4 mm) Colorful figures are available on website

表1 最高密度陶瓷样品及最佳透过率陶瓷样品的烧结温度

Table 1 Sintering temperatures of the samples with the highest density and the highest transmittance

Bi_xY_1-_xFe₅O₁₂	Sintering temperature of the sample with the highest density/℃	Sintering temperature of the sample with the highest transmittance/℃
x=0	1300	1300
x=0.3	1250	1250
x=0.6	1250	1150
x=0.9	1150	1050

图3 Bi3+掺杂BixY1-xFe5O12陶瓷样品(d=0.4 mm)的最佳红外透过率曲线

Fig. 3 Best infrared transmittance curves of BixY1-xFe5O12 samples with Bi3+ doping (d=0.4 mm) Colorful figures are available on website

图4 BixY1-xFe5O12(x=0、0.3、0.6、0.9)样品的XRD图谱(a)及XRD谱图中2θ在68°~70°细节图谱(b)

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of BixY1-xFe5O12 (x=0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9) samples (a) and the detail map at 2θ=68°-70° (b)

图5 BixY1-xFe5O12陶瓷样品的断面SEM照片

Fig. 5 Cross-section SEM images of the BixY1-xFe5O12 ceramic samples

图6 1050 ℃下烧结Bi0.9Y2.1Fe5O12陶瓷的SEM照片(a)和EDS谱图(b, c)

Fig. 6 SEM image (a) and EDS patterns of the Bi0.9Y2.1Fe5O12 ceramics sintered at 1050 ℃ (b, c) corresponding to the site of A and B in (a), respectively

图7 法拉第旋转角测试设备示意图(a), BixY1-xFe5O12陶瓷样品的磁滞回线(b), 以及陶瓷样品在1064和1550 nm处的θF与铋的相对含量的关系(c)

Fig. 7 Schematic diagram of Faraday rotation angle test equipment (a), hysteresis loops (b) of BixY1-xFe5O12 samples, and Faraday rotation angle of the ceramic sample varies with the proportion of bismuth at 1064 and 1550 nm (c) Colorful figures are available on website

表2 不同Bi3+掺杂量YIG陶瓷样品的磁性能参数

Table 2 Magnetic performance parameters of the sintered BixY1-xFe5O12 samples with different amounts of Bi3+doping

x	Residual magnetization, 4πM_r/T	Saturation magnetization, 4πM_s/T	Coercive field, H_c/ (A·m^-1)
0	1.32×10^-2	0.1543	6029.6
0.3	6.59×10^-3	0.1577	369.2
0.6	5.02×10^-4	0.1596	310.4
0.9	2.86×10^-4	0.1536	179.8

参考文献 25

[1]	SNETKOV I, PALASHOV O. Faraday isolator based on a TSAG single crystal with compensation of thermally induced depolarization inside magnetic field. Optical Materials, 2015, 42: 293-297. DOI URL
[2]	PELENOVICH V O, VALIEV U V, ZHOU L, et al. Magneto- optical spectrometer based on photoelastic modulator with optical feedback and its application in study of f-electron materials. Optical Materials, 2016, 55: 115-120. DOI URL
[3]	WANG Y, ZHANG L, ZHUO Z, et al. All-normal dispersion fiber lasers with magneto-optical polarization controllers. Applied Optics, 2017, 56(3): 404-408. DOI URL
[4]	CRASSEE I, LEVALLOIS J, WALTER A L, et al. Giant Faraday rotation in single and multilayer graphene. Nature Physics, 2011, 7(1): 48-51 DOI URL
[5]	LECRAW R C, WOOD D L, DILLON J F, et al. The optical transparency of yttrium iron garnet in the near Infrared. Applied Physics Letters, 1965, 7(1): 27-28. DOI URL
[6]	DURCOK S, POLLERT E, SIMSA Z, et al. Growth of YIG and BiGdIG single crystals for magnetooptical applications. Materials Chemistry & Physics, 1996, 45(2): 124-129.
[7]	GOTO H, MAEDA I, NAKANO T, et al. An evaluation of the magneto-optical characteristics of YIG single crystals. Journal of Magnetism & Magnetic Materials, 1983, 31: 779-780.
[8]	LIM H J, DE MATTEI R C, FEIGELSON R S. Growth of single crystal YIG fibers by the laser heated pedestal growth method. MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL), 1997, 481(1): 83-88.
[9]	JIANG Y, SHEN H, XU J Y, et al. Large size rare earth iron garnet single crystals grown by the flux-Bridgman method. Journal of Rare Earths, 2021, 39(12): 1547-1553. DOI URL
[10]	JIN W, GAI L, LI C, et al. Crystal growth and characterization of Ce_xY_3-_xFe₅O₁₂single crystal by optical floating zone method. Physica B Condensed Matter, 2020, 588: 412168.
[11]	IKESUE A, AUNG Y L. Development of optical grade polycrystalline YIG ceramics for Faraday rotator. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2018, 101(11): 5120-5126. DOI URL
[12]	XU H, YANG H. Magnetic properties of Ce, Dy-substituted yttrium iron garnet ferrite powders fabricated using a Sol-Gel method. Physica Status Solidi (a), 2007, 204(4): 1203-1209. DOI URL
[13]	WANG J Q, YANG J, JIN Y L, et al. Effect of manganese addition on the microstructure and electromagnetic properties of YIG. Journal of Rare Earths (English Edition), 2011, 29(6): 562-566.
[14]	TABOR W J, ANDERSON A W, VANUITERT L G. Visible and infrared Faraday rotation and birefringence of single-crystal rare- earth orthoferrites. Journal of Applied Physics, 1970, 41(7): 3018-3021. DOI URL
[15]	COOPER R W, DILLON J F, VANUITERT L G, et al. Magneto- optic light modulators. Radio and Electronic Engineer, 1970, 39(6): 302-304. DOI URL
[16]	KAHN F J, PERSHAN P S, REMEIKA J P. Ultraviolet magneto- optical properties of single-crystal ortho-ferrites, garnets, and other ferric oxide compounds. Physical Review, 1969, 186(3): 891. DOI URL
[17]	FECHINE P B A, MORETZSOHN R S T, COSTA R C S, et al. Magneto-dielectric properties of the Y₃Fe₅O₁₂ and Gd₃Fe₅O₁₂ dielectric ferrite resonator antennas. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, 2008, 50(11): 2852-2857. DOI URL
[18]	AUNG Y L, IKESUE A, WATANABE T, et al. Bi substituted YIG ceramics isolator for optical communication. Journal of Alloys & Compounds, 2019, 811: 152059
[19]	SCOTT G B, LACKLISON D E, PAGE J L. The effect of octahedral Fe³⁺and tetrahedral Fe³⁺dilution on the Faraday spectra of bismuth-doped iron garnets. Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics, 1975, 8(4): 519-529. DOI URL
[20]	DESCHANVRES J L, LANGLET M, BOCHU B, et al. Growth of Bi-substituted YIG thin films for magneto-optic applications. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 1991, 101(1): 224-226. DOI URL
[21]	ALLEN G A, DIONNE G F. Application of permittivity tensor for accurate interpretation of magneto-optical spectra. Journal of Applied Physics, 1993, 73(10): 6130-6132 DOI URL
[22]	ISHIBASHI T, LOU G, MEGURO A, et al. Magneto-optical imaging plate using bismuth-substituted iron garnet film prepared by metal-organic decomposition. Sensors and materials: An International Journal on Sensor Technology, 2015, 27(10): 965-970.
[23]	ZHANG G, XU X, CHONG T. Faraday rotation spectra of bismuth-substituted rare-earth iron garnet crystals in optical communication band. Journal of Applied Physics, 2004, 95(10): 5267-5270. DOI URL
[24]	YANG Y, LI X, LIU Z, et al. Pressureless sintering of YIG ceramics from coprecipitated nano-powders. Magnetochemistry, 2021, 7(5): 56. DOI URL
[25]	NIYAIFAR M, MOHAMMADPOUR H. Study on magnetic role of Bi³⁺ ion by random cation distribution model in Bi-YIG system. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2015, 100(396): 65-70.