SnS2/ZIF-8 Derived Two-dimensional Porous Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanosheets for Lithium-sulfur Batteries

doi:10.15541/jim20220741

Abstract

Abstract:

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density, abundant raw material reserves and environmental friendliness. However, the shuttle effect of polysulfides, the large volume expansion during the reaction, and the poor electron conductivity of sulfur greatly limit their practical development. In this work, a ZIF-8 derived flower-like two-dimensional (2D) porous carbon nanosheet/sulfur composite (ZCN-SnS₂-S) combined with SnS₂ nanoparticles is designed as the cathode for LSBs. The unique 2D flower-shaped porous structure not only effectively alleviates the volume expansion during the reaction process, but also provides a fast channel for Li⁺ and electron transport. The presence of heteroatom N further promotes the adsorption of polysulfide. In particular, the polar SnS₂ enhances the chemical adsorption on polysulfides, resulting in excellent electrochemical performance. The ZCN-SnS₂-S electrode exhibits high reversible specific capacity of 948 mAh·g^-1 after 100 cycles at 0.2C (1C=1675 mA·g^-1), demonstrating the capacity retention rate of 83.7%. Even at a high current density of 2C for 300 cycles, it still has a reversible specific capacity of 546 mAh·g^-1.

Key words: lithium-sulfur battery, 2D porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheet, SnS₂, polysulfide, shuttle effect

CLC Number:

TQ174

WANG Xinling, ZHOU Na, TIAN Yawen, ZHOU Mingran, HAN Jingru, SHEN Yuansheng, HU Zhiyi, LI Yu. SnS₂/ZIF-8 Derived Two-dimensional Porous Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanosheets for Lithium-sulfur Batteries[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2023, 38(8): 938-946.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig. 1 (a) Schematics of synthetic process of ZCN-SnS2, and FESEM images of (b, e) ZIF-8, (c, f) ZCN and (d, g) ZCN-SnS2 Colorful figures are available on website

Fig. 2 (a) N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm of ZCN; (b) mesoporous pore size distribution curve of ZCN with inset showing micropore pore size distribution; (c) XRD patterns of ZCN-SnS2, ZCN and SnS2; (d) Raman spectrum of ZCN

Fig. 3 (a) HRTEM, (b) SAED, (c) HAADF-STEM images, and (d-g) corresponding EDX elemental mappings of ZCN-SnS2

Fig. 4 (a) C1s, (b) N1s, (c) Sn3d, (d) S2p XPS spectra of ZCN-SnS2, and (e) Sn3d, (f) S2p XPS spectra of SnS2

Fig. 5 (a) CV curves of Li-S battery with ZCN-SnS2-S electrode; (b) Charge-discharge curves, (c) rate performances and (d) cycling performances at 0.2C of Li-S batteries with ZCN-SnS2-S, ZCN-S and SnS2-S electrodes; (e) Cycling performance of ZCN-SnS2-S at 2C

Fig. 6 (a) EIS plots and (b) linear relationships between the real parts of the impedance and the reciprocal exponentials (-1/2) at the lower angular frequency of ZCN-SnS2-S, ZCN-S and SnS2-S, respectively; (c) Li2S6 adsorption plots and (d) UV-Vis absorption spectra of ZCN-SnS2, ZCN and SnS2

Fig. S1 TGA curve of ZCN-SnS2

Fig. S2 FESEM images of (a, b) ZCN-SnS2 and (c, d) SnS2

Fig. S3 Raman spectra of ZCN-SnS2 and SnS2

Fig. S4 (a) HAADF-STEM and (b) HRTEM images of SnS2

Fig. S5 (a) XRD patterns of ZCN-SnS2-S, ZCN-S, SnS2-S, (b) nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of ZCN-SnS2-S, (c) TGA curves of ZCN-SnS2-S, ZCN-S and SnS2-S, and (d) cycling performance of SnS2 at 1C

Fig. S6 Cycling performance of ZCN-SnS2-S at 0.2C

Fig. S7 FESEM images of electrode materials before and after 150 cycles at 0.5C current density (a, d) ZCN-SnS2-S; (b, e) ZCN-S; (c, f) SnS2-S

Fig. S8 Li2S6 adsorption pictures of ZCN and SnS2 mixed samples

Table S1 Comparison of electrochemical properties of SnS2 composites

Host materials	Current rate	Cycle number	Reversible capacity/(mAh·g^-1)	Ref.
ZCN-SnS₂-S	0.2C	100	948	This work
ZCN-SnS₂-S	2.0C	300	546	This work
SnS₂/CNTs/S	0.1C	100	1002.3	[1]
NG/SnS₂/TiO₂-S	0.2C	100	739	[2]
SnS₂@N-CNFs	0.2C	150	889	[3]
NHCS-SnS₂/S	1.0C	200	634	[4]
PCN-SnS₂-S	2.0C	150	650	[5]

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SnS₂/ZIF-8 Derived Two-dimensional Porous Nitrogen-doped Carbon Nanosheets for Lithium-sulfur Batteries

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