用于紫禁城清代建筑琉璃瓦保护的桥式硅氧烷的制备及性能研究

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1077.2014.13473

无机材料学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 657-660.DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2014.13473 CSTR: 32189.14.SP.J.1077.2014.13473

用于紫禁城清代建筑琉璃瓦保护的桥式硅氧烷的制备及性能研究

韩向娜¹, 黄晓¹, 罗宏杰^{1, 2}

(1. 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所, 古陶瓷科学研究国家文物局重点科研基地, 上海 200050; 2. 上海大学, 上海 200444)

收稿日期:2013-09-17 修回日期:2013-11-12 出版日期:2014-06-20 网络出版日期:2014-05-27
作者简介:韩向娜(1984-), 女, 博士研究生.E-mail: jayna422@hotmail.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技基础研究发展计划(973)(2012CB720904);中科院百人计划

Synthesis and Properties of a Bridged Siloxane for Protection of Architectural Glazed Tiles of the Qing Dynasty in the Forbidden City

HAN Xiang-Na¹, HUANG Xiao¹, LUO Hong-Jie^{1, 2}

(1. Key Scientific Research Base of Ancient Ceramics, State Administration for Cultural Heritage, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; 2. Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China)

Received:2013-09-17 Revised:2013-11-12 Published:2014-06-20 Online:2014-05-27
About author:HAN Xiang-Na. E-mail: jayna422@hotmail.com
Supported by:
National Basic Research Program (2012CB720904);Chinese Academy of Science (Hundred Talents Program)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

紫禁城清代建筑琉璃瓦是我国琉璃技艺的精华, 但是部分现存的琉璃瓦却出现了变色、污染、开裂、风化、剥釉等损坏。本工作针对剥釉损坏, 以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷为反应原料, 设计合成了具有桥联结构的硅氧烷(BSQ), 一种新型有机无机杂化材料, 并将其用于琉璃瓦的保护。测试了保护后琉璃瓦的吸水率、接触角、色差、透气性、抗压强度等参数; 并对保护后的琉璃瓦进行了耐化学侵蚀、耐冻融实验。结果表明, 保护后的琉璃瓦具有较好的憎水性, 强度得到提高, 釉面剥落现象得到明显的抑制。

关键词: 紫禁城建筑琉璃瓦, 桥式硅氧烷, 文物保护, 有机无机杂化材料

Abstract:

The architectural glazed tiles of the Qing dynasty in the Forbidden City are the most important glazed ceramic of China. But some serious deterioration such as color change, dirty, craze crack, efflorescence and glazed layer spallation are observed in some tiles. In this paper, a bridged siloxane (BSQ) protective material focusing on glazed layer spallation issue was designed and synthesized starting with isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Important properties including water absorption, contact angle, color change, water vapor diffusion and compressive strength of the treated glazed titles were examined. Furthermore, the chemical attack tests and freeze-thaw cycles were also evaluated. It shows that the BSQ treatment can modify the tile surface to hydrophobic, increase the strength of tile body and thus mitigate glazed layer spallation.

Key words: forbidden city architectural glazed tiles, bridged siloxane, conservation, organic-inorganic hybrid

中图分类号:

TQ179

韩向娜, 黄晓, 罗宏杰. 用于紫禁城清代建筑琉璃瓦保护的桥式硅氧烷的制备及性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2014, 29(6): 657-660.

HAN Xiang-Na, HUANG Xiao, LUO Hong-Jie. Synthesis and Properties of a Bridged Siloxane for Protection of Architectural Glazed Tiles of the Qing Dynasty in the Forbidden City[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2014, 29(6): 657-660.

图/表 4

图1 BSQ干凝胶的N2吸附/脱附等温曲线

Fig. 1 N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms of BSQ xerogel

图 2 琉璃的耐碱(a)和耐酸(b)侵蚀性

Fig. 2 Chemicals resistance of untreated and treated glazed tiles to alkaline (a) and acid (b)

表1 琉璃样品的物理化学性能

Table 1 Physical and chemical properties of untreated and treated glazed titles

Sample	Water absorption /%	Contact angle /(°)	DE^*	Water vapor diffusion coefficient, μ/(cm²·s^-1)	Compressive strength /MPa
Untreated	14.9	40.00	-	2601.55	46.06±4.6
Treated	13.9	134.54	4.55	3805.70	60.60±9.4

图3 空白琉璃样品6次冻融循环后(a)和BSQ处理琉璃样品34次冻融循环后(b)的照片

Fig. 3 Photos of untreated sample after 6 freeze-thaw cycles (a) and BSQ treated sample after 34 freeze-thaw cycles (b). The darker part without glaze is the previous damage; the circled light-colored part is the new damage generated during the cycles

参考文献 13

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用于紫禁城清代建筑琉璃瓦保护的桥式硅氧烷的制备及性能研究

Synthesis and Properties of a Bridged Siloxane for Protection of Architectural Glazed Tiles of the Qing Dynasty in the Forbidden City

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