高纯Ti2AlC粉末的无压制备及其在Ag基电触头材料的应用

doi:10.15541/jim20190243

无机材料学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 729-734.DOI: 10.15541/jim20190243 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20190243

• 研究快报 • 上一篇

高纯Ti₂AlC粉末的无压制备及其在Ag基电触头材料的应用

丁健翔¹,黄培艳¹,查余辉¹,汪丹丹²,张培根²,田无边²(),孙正明²()

^1. 安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院, 先进金属材料绿色制备与表面技术教育部重点实验室, 马鞍山 243002
^2. 东南大学材料科学与工程学院, 南京 211189

收稿日期:2019-05-23 修回日期:2019-07-14 出版日期:2020-06-20 网络出版日期:2019-09-12
作者简介:DING Jianxiang(1987-), male, PhD. E-mail: 15295562390@163.com; jxding@ahut.edu.cn;
丁健翔(1987-), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail: 15295562390@163.com; jxding@ahut.edu.cn

High-purity Ti₂AlC Powder: Preparation and Application in Ag-based Electrical Contact Materials

DING Jianxiang¹,HUANG Peiyan¹,ZHA Yuhui¹,WANG Dandan²,ZHANG Peigen²,TIAN Wubian²(),SUN Zhengming²()

^1. Key Laboratory of Green Fabrieation and Surface Technology of Adranced Metal Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, China
^2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China

Received:2019-05-23 Revised:2019-07-14 Published:2020-06-20 Online:2019-09-12
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(51731004);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51671054);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(2242018K40108);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities in China(2242018K40109);Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20181285);Yarth Research Fand Project of Anhui University of Technology

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

Ag基电触头是低压开关的“心脏”, 触头无Cd化一直困扰着人们, 寻找新型环保电触头材料是目前低压开关领域研究的重点。本研究从Ag基电触头增强相材料设计入手, 利用简单快速的无压技术合成了高纯Ti₂AlC粉末(99.2%), 制备的Ag/Ti₂AlC复合电触头材料组织均匀、Ti₂AlC颗粒与Ag基体结合紧密、相对密度高(95.7%)、硬度适中(96HV)、导电性好(电阻率低至79.5 nΩ·m)、抗电弧侵蚀性能优良(5610次电弧放电后触头质量损失仅为4.4wt%)。Ag/Ti₂AlC优良的结构和性能主要归因于Ti₂AlC本身的导电导热性能和Ag/Ti₂AlC之间的润湿性。该复合材料在进一步深入研究后, 有望大面积应用并替代传统电触头材料。

关键词: Ti₂AlC, 电触头, 金属陶瓷复合, 导电性, 润湿性, 抗电弧侵蚀

Abstract:

Ag-based electrical contact is the "heart" of low-voltage switch, and the Cd toxicity has long been a haunting problem. It is the research focus of the low-voltage switch to find new environment-friendly electrical contact materials. Starting from the design of reinforcement for Ag-based electrical contact in this work, the high-purity Ti₂AlC powder (99.2%) was synthesized by a simple and fast pressureless technique. Ag/Ti₂AlC composite electrical contact material was also prepared with homogeneous structure, good bonding between Ag and Ti₂AlC particles, high relative density (95.7%), moderate hardness (96HV), satisfactory electrical conductivity (low resistivity of 79.5 nΩ·m), and favorable arc erosion resistance (mass loss of 4.4% after 5610 arc discharging cycles). These excellent structure and properties of Ag/Ti₂AlC composite are mainly attributed to the good thermal and electrical conductivity of Ti₂AlC and the good wettability between Ag and Ti₂AlC. This composite is expected to replace the conventional electrical contact materials in the future.

Key words: Ti₂AlC, electrical contact, metal-ceramic composite, conductivity, wettability, arc erosion resistance

中图分类号:

TG148

丁健翔,黄培艳,查余辉,汪丹丹,张培根,田无边,孙正明. 高纯Ti₂AlC粉末的无压制备及其在Ag基电触头材料的应用[J]. 无机材料学报, 2020, 35(6): 729-734.

DING Jianxiang,HUANG Peiyan,ZHA Yuhui,WANG Dandan,ZHANG Peigen,TIAN Wubian,SUN Zhengming. High-purity Ti₂AlC Powder: Preparation and Application in Ag-based Electrical Contact Materials[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(6): 729-734.

图/表 11

Table 1 Molar ratio of raw material powder TiC/Ti/xAl

Sample	Composition, x	Purity/%
S1	1.05	77.5
S2	1.10	57.9
S3	1.15	41.4
S4	1.20	31.5

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of samples with different Al contents

Table 2 Molar ratio of raw material powder (2-x)TiC/xTi/1.05Al

Sample	Composition, x	Purity/%
S1	1.00	77.5
S5	1.05	99.2
S6	1.10	92.3
S7	1.15	91.7

Fig. 2 XRD patterns of samples with different C contents

Fig. 3 SEM images of samples with different C contents (a, b) S1; (c, d) S5; (e, f) S6; (g, h) S7

Table 3 Preparation of Ti2AlC powder from 0.95TiC/1.05Ti/1.05Al at different temperatures

Sample	Temperature/℃	Purity/%
S8	1200	16.3
S9	1300	35.7
S10	1400	99.2
S11	1500	81.8

Fig. 4 XRD patterns of 0.95TiC/1.05Ti/1.05Al sintered at different temperatures

Fig. 5 Contact angles and optical images of Ag/Ti2AlC in the process of heating

Fig. 6 XRD pattern of Ag/10TAC composite with insets showing (a) picture of the bulk, (b) microstructure of composite, and (c) the magnified SEM image

Table 4 Basic properties of Ag/Ti2AlC composite

Density/ (g?cm^-3)	Relative density/%	Hardness, HV	Resistivity/ (nΩ·m)
8.692	95.7%	96	79.5

Fig. 7 (a) Optical image of the Ag/10TAC contact after 5610 arc discharging cycles, with magnified SEM image in the inset; (b) SEM image of the contact surface morphology; (c) Morphology of the Ag molten pool, with magnified SEM image of cauliflower-shaped Ag particles in the inset; (d) Magnified SEM image of the aggregated eroded Ti2AlC (dark area in (b))

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高纯Ti₂AlC粉末的无压制备及其在Ag基电触头材料的应用

High-purity Ti₂AlC Powder: Preparation and Application in Ag-based Electrical Contact Materials

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