研究论文

3D C/SiC复合材料喷管在小型固体火箭发动机中的烧蚀规律研究

  • 陈博 ,
  • 张立同 ,
  • 成来飞 ,
  • 栾新刚
展开
  • 西北工业大学超高温结构复合材料国防科技重点实验室, 西安 710072

收稿日期: 2007-09-26

  修回日期: 2007-11-06

  网络出版日期: 2008-09-20

Ablation Characteristic of 3D C/SiC Composite Nozzle in a Small Solid Rocket Motor

  • CHEN Bo ,
  • ZHANG Li-Tong ,
  • CHENG Lai-Fei ,
  • LUAN Xin-Gang
Expand
  • National Key Laboratory of Thermostructure Composite Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China

Received date: 2007-09-26

  Revised date: 2007-11-06

  Online published: 2008-09-20

摘要

采用小型固体火箭发动机研究了3D C/SiC复合材料喷管的烧蚀性能, 分析了3D C/SiC的烧蚀机理及燃气参数对烧蚀性能的影响. 结果表明, 喷管喉部线烧蚀率为0.128±0.088mm/s, 质量烧蚀率为0.166kg/(m2·s); 受喷管内燃气组分、温度、压强和流速等环境参数的影响, 3DC/SiC的烧蚀涉及不同机理的非均匀烧蚀. 喉部及其上下游过渡区域烧蚀最严重, 收敛段其次, 扩散段烧蚀最弱. 烧蚀过程是热物理化学侵蚀和机械剥蚀综合作用的结果: 涉及SiC的分解流失, SiC和碳纤维的氧化烧蚀, 还涉及低速Al2O3大粒子的机械化学侵蚀, 高速Al2O3小粒子的机械侵蚀等.

本文引用格式

陈博 , 张立同 , 成来飞 , 栾新刚 . 3D C/SiC复合材料喷管在小型固体火箭发动机中的烧蚀规律研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2008 , 23(5) : 938 -944 . DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1077.2008.00938

Abstract

Ablation properties of a 3D C/SiC composite nozzle were investigated by using hot-firing test in a small solid propellant
rocket motor. Ablation mechanisms of the C/SiC composites and effects of the combustion gases parameters were discussed. The results show that the linear ablation rate at the throat of the composite nozzle is 0.128±0.088mm/s, and the mass ablation rate is 0.166kg/(m2 ·s). Ablation behavior for the 3D C/SiC composite shows a nonuniform process, which is directly affected by the compositions, temperature, pressure and the velocity of combustion gases. The ablation in the divergent section, convergent section and the regions near the throat grows severe by degrees. Ablation mechanisms of C/SiC composite are the cooperation of thermo-physical ablation, thermo-chemical ablation and thermo-mechanical erosion, which involve the decomposition of the SiC, oxidation of the SiC and carbon fiber, as well as chemical and mechanical erosion by Al2O3 slags and particles, respectively.

参考文献

[1] Hlratzer A, Pfeiffer H. SAMPE, 2002, 38 (4): 22--29.
[2] Papenburg U, Beyer S, Laube H. Advanced ceramic matrix composites for space propulsion systems. AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 33rd, Seattle, WA, USA. AIAA- 1997-3391.
[3] Beyer S, Knabe H. Development and testing of C/SiC components for liquid rocket propulsion applications. AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, 35th, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 1999. AIAA-1999-2896.
[4] Felix F, William F, Nancy R. An innovative thermal management system for a mach 4 to mach 8 hypersonic scramjet engine. AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, 34th, Cleveland, OH, USA, 1998. AIAA-1998-3734.
[5] Siebenhaar A, Johnson R W. Aero jet storable fuel scramjet flow path concepts: phase I program overview. AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference, 9th, Norfolk, VA, USA, 1999. AIAA-1999-4923.
[6] 何洪庆, 王思民, 牛嵩高, 等. 固体火箭技术, 1993, (3): 31--36.
[7] Xu Y D, Zhang L T. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1997, 80 (7): 1897--1900.
[8] Xu Y D, Zhang L T, Cheng L F, et al. Carbon, 1998, 36 (7-8): 1051--1056.
[9] 潘育松, 徐永东, 陈照峰, 等. 兵器材料科学与工程, 2006, 29 (1): 17--21.
[10] Sanford Gordon, Bonnie J McBride. Computer Program for Calculation of Complex Chemical Equilibrium Compositions and Applications I. Analysis, NASA RP-1311. Cleveland, Ohio, USA. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1994. 1--61.
[11] Sanford Gordon, Bonnie J McBride. Computer Program for Calculation of Complex Chemical Equilibrium Compositions and Applications II. User’s Manual and Program Description, NASA RP-1311-P2. Cleveland, Ohio, USA. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Lewis Research Center, 1996. 1--178.
[12] 李宜敏, 张中钦, 张远君. 固体火箭发动机原理, 第一版. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 1991. 109--123.
[13] 郑亚, 陈军, 鞠玉涛, 等. 固体火箭发动机传热学, 第一版. 北京: 北京航空航天大学出版社, 2006. 111, 204.
[14] Yu Daimon, Akiko Matsuo. Heat Flux Estimation on the Nozzle Wall of Solid Rocket Motor Nozzle, 23rd International Symposium on Space Technology and Science. Yokohama, JAPAN, 2002. ISTS 2002-e-05.
[15] (俄)A.A.希什科夫, c.л.帕宁, B.B.鲁缅采夫, 著; 关正西, 赵克熙, 译. 固体火箭发动机工作过程, 第一版. 北京: 中国宇航出版社, 2006, 170, 220--223.
[16] 殷小玮. 西北工业大学博士学位论文, 2001.
[17] Nathan S. Jacobson. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1993, 76 (1): 3--28.
[18] René C J Schiepers, van Frans J J Loo, de Gijsbertus With. J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 1988, 71 (6): C284--C287.
文章导航

/