面向紫光激发白光LED用荧光材料的耐候性

doi:10.15541/jim20240396

无机材料学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 314-322.DOI: 10.15541/jim20240396 CSTR: 32189.14.10.15541/jim20240396

面向紫光激发白光LED用荧光材料的耐候性

潘泽晟¹^,²(), 游雅萍¹^,², 郑雅¹^,², 陈海杰¹^,²(), 王连军¹^,²(), 江莞¹^,²

1.东华大学材料科学与工程学院, 纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海 201620
2.东华大学功能材料研究中心, 上海 201620

收稿日期:2024-08-30 修回日期:2024-10-28 出版日期:2025-03-20 网络出版日期:2025-03-12
通讯作者: 王连军, 教授. E-mail: wanglj@dhu.edu.cn;
陈海杰, 研究员. E-mail: haijie.chen@dhu.edu.cn
作者简介:潘泽晟(1998-), 男, 博士研究生. E-mail:panzes@mail.dhu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发项目(2021YFB3500504)

Stability of Phosphors for White LED Excitable by Violet Light

PAN Zesheng¹^,²(), YOU Yaping¹^,², ZHENG Ya¹^,², CHEN Haijie¹^,²(), WANG Lianjun¹^,²(), JIANG Wan¹^,²

1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
2. Institute of Functional Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

Received:2024-08-30 Revised:2024-10-28 Published:2025-03-20 Online:2025-03-12
Contact: WANG Lianjun, professor. E-mail: wanglj@dhu.edu.cn;
CHEN Haijie, professor. E-mail: haijie.chen@dhu.edu.cn
About author:PAN Zesheng (1998-), male, PhD candidate. E-mail: panzes@mail.dhu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3500504)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

紫光激发白光发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode, LED)具有色温可调、视觉友好等优点, 已经受到了广泛关注。但是, 适用于紫光(400~420 nm)激发的高性能荧光材料尚未取得大规模应用, 其中荧光材料的耐候性是评判其是否具有商业化应用潜力的重要因素之一。然而, 目前针对荧光材料耐候性的研究却十分缺乏。本研究首先采用固相反应法制备了K₂CaPO₄F:Eu²⁺、K_1.3Al₁₁O₁₇₊_δ:Eu²⁺和Ca₂YHf₂Al₃O₁₂:Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺三种LED用紫光激发稀土发光材料。然后开展了荧光粉在高温高湿、水浸泡、LED芯片紫光辐照等条件下的耐候性实验, 研究了其耐候性以及失效机理。最后, 将三种荧光粉与400 nm紫光芯片组合, 制备了白光LED器件。结果表明, 相较于同体系荧光粉, 本研究所制备的荧光粉不仅在发光性能方面有所优化, 而且对材料在不同使用环境下的耐候性表征更为全面。所制备的白光LED器件的显色指数为93.6、色温为5151 K、色坐标为(0.34, 0.36), 展现出优质的白光照明性能, 且白光LED器件的耐候性相对于单一荧光粉有所提升。上述研究表明, 对荧光材料及其对应的LED器件进行耐候性评估是至关重要的。本工作率先开展了紫光激发LED用荧光材料的耐候性研究, 对于推动其应用具有指导和借鉴意义。

关键词: 耐候性, 稀土发光材料, 白光LED, 紫光激发

Abstract:

Violet light excited white light emitting diodes (LEDs) have attracted widespread attention due to their advantages of tunable color temperature and visual comfort. However, high-performance phosphors suitable for violet light excitation (400-420 nm) have not yet been widely applied on a large scale. One of the key factors regarding the commercial utilizations is the stability. Unfortunately, there still lacks research on this issue. In this study, three rare-earth phosphors suitable for violet light excitation in LEDs were synthesized via a solid-state reaction method, namely K₂CaPO₄F:Eu²⁺, K_1.3Al₁₁O₁₇₊_δ:Eu²⁺ and Ca₂YHf₂Al₃O₁₂:Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺. The stability experiments were then conducted under conditions of high temperature and humidity, water immersion, and long-term violet light irradiation from LED chips. The luminescent properties, failure mechanisms, and environmental stability were analyzed. Finally, a white LED device was prepared by combining the as-synthesized three phosphors onto a 400 nm violet light chip. Results demonstrate that the as-synthesized phosphors exhibit not only optimized luminescence performance compared to phosphors prepared in former works, but also a more comprehensive evaluation of environmental stability across different conditions. The white LED device achieves a color rendering index of 93.6, a correlated color temperature of 5151 K and a color coordinate of (0.34, 0.36), showcasing excellent white light illumination performance. Furthermore, the environmental stability of the white LED device is improved compared to individual phosphors. By taking lead in investigating the environmental stability of violet light excited LED phosphors, this work provides valuable insights and guidance for advancing their applications.

Key words: environmental stability, rare earth luminescent material, white light emitting diode, violet light excitation

中图分类号:

O482

潘泽晟, 游雅萍, 郑雅, 陈海杰, 王连军, 江莞. 面向紫光激发白光LED用荧光材料的耐候性[J]. 无机材料学报, 2025, 40(3): 314-322.

PAN Zesheng, YOU Yaping, ZHENG Ya, CHEN Haijie, WANG Lianjun, JIANG Wan. Stability of Phosphors for White LED Excitable by Violet Light[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2025, 40(3): 314-322.

图/表 15

图1 K2CaPO4F:Eu2+荧光粉的耐候性能

Fig. 1 Environmental stability of K2CaPO4F:Eu2+ phosphor (a) PL spectra when kept in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for different duration time; (b) XRD patterns when kept in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for different duration time; (c) Temperature-dependent PL spectra; (d) PL spectra when radiated under 200 mW·cm-2 of violet light for different duration time. Colorful figures are available on website

图2 K2CaPO4F:Eu2+荧光粉在85 ℃/85% RH条件下老化不同时间后的SEM照片

Fig. 2 SEM images of K2CaPO4F:Eu2+ phosphor when kept in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for different duration time (a) 0 h; (b) 8 h; (c) 16 h; (d) 24 h

图3 K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+荧光粉的耐候性能

Fig. 3 Environmental stability of K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+ phosphor (a) PL spectra when kept in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for different duration time; (b) XRD patterns before and after keeping in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for 14 d; (c) PL spectra before and after soaking in water for 14 d; (d) XRD patterns before and after soaking in water for 14 d; (e) Temperature-dependent PL spectra; (f) PL spectra when radiated under 200 mW·cm-2 of violet light for different duration time. Colorful figures are available on website

图4 Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+荧光粉的耐候性能

Fig. 4 Environmental stability of Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor (a) PL spectra when kept in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for different duration time; (b) XRD patterns before and after keeping in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for 14 d; (c) PL spectra before and after soaking in water for 14 d; (d) XRD patterns before and after soaking in water for 14 d; (e) Temperature-dependent PL spectra; (f) PL spectra when radiated under 200 mW·cm-2 of violet light for different duration time. Colorful figures are available on website

图5 白光LED的耐候性能

Fig. 5 Environmental stability of white LED (a) EL spectrum of white LED device; (b) EL spectra of white LED device when kept in 85 ℃/85% RH condition for different duration time; (c) Temperature-dependent EL spectra of white LED device; (d) EL spectra of white LED device when radiated under 200 mW·cm-2 of violet light for different duration time. Colorful figures are available on website

图S1 K2CaPO4F:Eu2+荧光粉的发光性能

Fig. S1 Optical performance of K2CaPO4F:Eu2+ phosphor (a) PLE/PL spectra; (b) PLQY spectra

图S2 K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+荧光粉的发光性能

Fig. S2 Optical performance of K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+ phosphor (a) PLE/PL spectra; (b) PLQY spectra

图S3 K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+荧光粉在水中浸泡14 d前(a)后(b)的SEM照片

Fig. S3 SEM images of K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+ phosphor before (a) and after (b) soaking in water for 14 d

图S4 K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+荧光粉的热释光谱图

Fig. S4 Thermoluminescence spectrum of K1.3Al11O17+δ:Eu2+ phosphor

图S5 Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+荧光粉的发光性能

Fig. S5 Optical performance of Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor (a) PLE/PL spectra; (b) PLQY spectra

图S6 Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+荧光粉在水中浸泡14 d前(a)后(b)的SEM照片

Fig. S6 SEM images of Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor before (a) and after (b) soaking in water for 14 d

图S7 Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+荧光粉的ln[(I0/IT)-1]与1/kT关系

Fig. S7 Dependence of ln[(I0/IT)-1] on 1/kT for Ca2YHf2Al3O12:Ce3+,Tb3+ phosphor

图S8 白光LED器件的CIE色度图

Fig. S8 CIE chromaticity diagram of white LED device

图S9 白光LED的耐候性能

Fig. S9 Environmental stability data of white LED (a) EL spectra of the white LED device under different input current; (b) Relative intensity and rendering index (Ra) of white LED device when kept in 85 ℃/85% RH condition with different duration time; (c) Relative intensity and Ra of white LED device under different temperature; (d) Relative intensity and Ra of white LED device when radiated under 200 mW·cm-2 of violet light with different duration time

表S1 荧光粉发光性能及耐候性对比

Table S1 Comparison of phosphors in optical performance and environmental stability

Component	PLQY	Thermal stability (150 ℃)	High temperature and high humidity stability (85 ℃/85% RH)	Water resistance	Light irradiation stability (200 mW·cm^-2)	Ref.
K₂Ca(PO₄)F:Eu²⁺	75% (407 nm)	85%	-	-	-	[20]
K₂Ca(PO₄)F:Eu²⁺	94.5% (390 nm)	82%	-	-	-	[S1]
Rb_0.5K_1.5Ca(PO₄)F:Eu²⁺	87% (395 nm)	85.5%	-	-	-	[S2]
Na₂Ca_0.995PO₄F:Eu²⁺	84% (400 nm)	~70%	-	-	-	[S3]
K₂Ca(PO₄)F:Eu²⁺	95.33% (380 nm)	82.2%	34.7%, 14 d	-	87.9%, 14 d	This Work
K_1.6Al₁₁O₁₇₊_δ:Eu²⁺	92% (400 nm)	>100%	-	-	-	[21]
K_0.84Sr_0.06Al₁₁O₁₇₊_δ:Eu²⁺	92.4% (360 nm)	>100%	-	-	-	[44]
K_0.6Ba_0.1Eu_0.1Al₁₁O₁₇:Eu²⁺	91.2% (345 nm)	~100%	-	-	-	[S4]
K_1.3Al₁₁O₁₇₊_δ:Eu²⁺	74.29% (400 nm)	81.8%	92.2%, 14 d	~100%,14 d	57.6%, 14 d	This Work
Ca₂YHf₂Al₃O₁₂:Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺	78.5% (408 nm)	43.3%	-	-	-	[22]
Ca₂YHf₂Al₃O₁₂:Ce³⁺	68.5% (400 nm)	76.6%	-	-	-	[S5]
Ca₂GdHf₂Al₃O₁₂:Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺	82.7% (408 nm)	48%	-	-	-	[S6]
Ca₂YHf₂Al₃O₁₂:Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺	95.72% (410 nm)	59.8%	84.6%, 14 d	~100%,14 d	95.5%, 14 d	This Work

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面向紫光激发白光LED用荧光材料的耐候性

Stability of Phosphors for White LED Excitable by Violet Light

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