钛酸铋钠基无铅铁电陶瓷场致应变性能研究

doi:10.15541/jim20210453

无机材料学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 603-610.DOI: 10.15541/jim20210453

所属专题：【信息功能】电介质材料；【能源环境】钙钛矿

钛酸铋钠基无铅铁电陶瓷场致应变性能研究

杨慧平¹(), 周学凡¹, 方豪杰², 张晓云², 罗行¹, 张斗¹()

1.中南大学粉末冶金研究院, 粉末冶金国家重点实验室, 长沙 410083
2.湖南省美程陶瓷科技有限公司, 娄底 417000

收稿日期:2021-07-16 修回日期:2021-09-28 出版日期:2022-06-20 网络出版日期:2021-11-01
通讯作者: 张斗, 教授. E-mail: dzhang@csu.edu.cn
作者简介:杨慧平(1994-), 女, 硕士研究生. E-mail: 3150289484@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发项目(2020YFA0711700);国家自然科学基金(U19A2087);湖南省创新型省份建设专项(2020GK2062);博士后创新人才支持计划(BX2021377)

Field-induced Strain Property of Lead-free Ferroelectric Ceramics Based on Sodium Bismuth Titanate

YANG Huiping¹(), ZHOU Xuefan¹, FANG Haojie², ZHANG Xiaoyun², LUO Hang¹, ZHANG Dou¹()

1. Powder Metallurgy Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
2. Hunan Meicheng Ceramic Technology Co., Ltd., Loudi 417000, China

Received:2021-07-16 Revised:2021-09-28 Published:2022-06-20 Online:2021-11-01
Contact: ZHANG Dou, professor. E-mail: dzhang@csu.edu.cn
About author:YANG Huiping (1994–), female, Master candidate. E-mail: 3150289484@qq.com
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Project of China(2020YFA0711700);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19A2087);Special Funding Support for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province of China(2020GK2062);China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX2021377)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

钛酸铋钠(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃(BNT)作为典型的钙钛矿型弛豫铁电体, 具有超高的场致应变, 是最有希望代替铅基体系的无铅压电体系之一。与铅基陶瓷相比, BNT基陶瓷具有驱动电压较高、迟滞较大以及温度稳定性差等劣势。为了优化无铅驱动器的应变性能, 本研究采用固相反应法制备(1-x){0.76(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃-0.24SrTiO₃}-xNaNbO₃(BNT- ST-xNN, x=0~0.03)无铅铁电陶瓷。结果表明, 当x=0.01时, 该陶瓷在较低电场(E=4 kV/mm)下的应变值可达到0.278%, 等效压电系数d^*₃₃高达695 pm/V。此时, 陶瓷处于非遍历/遍历弛豫相界处, 电场诱导弛豫-铁电相变导致大场致应变。与x=0.01相比, x=0.02时应变值为0.249%, 略微下降, 但迟滞却降低至43%。此外, 该应变在25~100 ℃温度范围内维持稳定。本研究表明, 在BNT基陶瓷中固溶SrTiO₃和NaNbO₃组元可以提高场致应变值, 同时维持较低的驱动电场和良好的温度稳定性, 可用于压电驱动器研制。

关键词: 钛酸铋钠, 无铅铁电陶瓷, 场致应变, 弛豫态

Abstract:

Piezoelectric actuators have advantages of fast response, high positioning accuracy, small size, and have received widespread attention in the field of precision drives. Lead-based piezoelectric actuators occupy the main commercial market. To avoid the use of the harmful element lead, a lead-free piezoelectric materials and actuators must be developed. Among them, bismuth sodium titanate (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ (BNT), was reported but it has some disadvantages of higher driving voltage, larger hysteresis, and poor temperature stability. To optimize the strain performance of the lead-free actuator, this study adopted the solid-phase reaction method to prepare (1-x) {0.76(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃- 0.24SrTiO₃}-xNaNbO₃ (BNT-ST-xNN, x=0-0.03) lead-free ferroelectric ceramics, systematically studied its field- induced strain performance. The results show that when x=0.01, the strain value of the ceramic can reach 0.278% under a low electric field (E = 4 kV/mm), and the piezoelectric coefficient d^*₃₃ is as high as 695 pm/V. Meanwhile, the ceramic is at the non-ergodic/ergodic relaxation phase boundary, and the electric field induced relaxor-ferroelectric phase transition leads to large field-induced strain. Compared with x=0.01, the strain value at x=0.02 is 0.249%, which is slightly reduced, but the hysteresis is significantly reduced to 43% of the comparator. In addition, the strain remains stable in the temperature range of 25-100 ℃. This study shows that introduction of SrTiO₃ and NaNbO₃ into BNT can increase the field-induced strain value while maintaining a low driving voltage and good temperature stability, indicating suitable for the development of piezoelectric actuators.

Key words: sodium bismuth titanate, lead-free ferroelectric ceramics, field-induced strain, relaxed state

中图分类号:

TQ174

杨慧平, 周学凡, 方豪杰, 张晓云, 罗行, 张斗. 钛酸铋钠基无铅铁电陶瓷场致应变性能研究[J]. 无机材料学报, 2022, 37(6): 603-610.

YANG Huiping, ZHOU Xuefan, FANG Haojie, ZHANG Xiaoyun, LUO Hang, ZHANG Dou. Field-induced Strain Property of Lead-free Ferroelectric Ceramics Based on Sodium Bismuth Titanate[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2022, 37(6): 603-610.

图/表 7

图1 BNT-ST-xNN陶瓷的XRD图谱和衍射峰放大图

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of BNT-ST-xNN ceramics and diffraction peak magnified patterns (a) XRD patterns of BNT-ST-xNN ceramics; (b) Magnified patterns of {111}; (c) Magnified patterns of {200}

图2 BNT-ST-xNN陶瓷的SEM照片

Fig. 2 SEM images of BNT-ST-xNN ceramics (a) x=0; (b) x=0.01; (c) x=0.02; (d) x=0.03

图3 BNT-ST-xNN极化陶瓷的介电温谱图

Fig. 3 Dielectric temperature spectra of poled BNT-ST-xNN ceramics (a) x=0; (b) x=0.01; (c) x=0.02; (d) x=0.03 Colorful figures are available on website

图4 BNT-ST-xNN陶瓷室温铁电电滞回线和电流-电场曲线

Fig. 4 Room-temperature P-E loops and I-E curves of BNT-ST-xNN ceramics (a) x=0; (b) x=0.01; (c) x=0.02; (d) x=0.03 Colorful figures are available on website

图5 BNT-ST-xNN室温场致应变图

Fig. 5 Field-induced strain curves of BNT-ST-xNN ceramics at room temperature (a) x=0; (b) x=0.01; (c) x=0.02; (d) x=0.03

图6 BNT-ST-0.01NN陶瓷在不同温度下的场致应变图

Fig. 6 Field-induced strain curves of BNT-ST-0.01NN ceramics at different temperatures (a) 25 ℃; (b) 50 ℃; (c) 75 ℃; (d) 100 ℃

图7 BNT-ST-0.02NN陶瓷在不同温度下的场致应变图

Fig. 7 Field-induced strain curves of BNT-ST-0.02NN ceramics at different temperatures (a) 25 ℃; (b) 50 ℃; (c) 75 ℃; (d) 100 ℃

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钛酸铋钠基无铅铁电陶瓷场致应变性能研究

Field-induced Strain Property of Lead-free Ferroelectric Ceramics Based on Sodium Bismuth Titanate

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