一种新型功能晶体Ni2MnGa

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一种新型功能晶体Ni₂MnGa

刘岩¹; 江伯鸿²; 周伟敏²; 王锦昌¹; 冯楚德¹; 谢华清¹; 倪沛汶¹

1. 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所, 上海 200050; 2. 上海交通大学, 上海 200030

收稿日期:1999-12-23 修回日期:2000-01-17 出版日期:2000-12-20 网络出版日期:2000-12-20

A New Kind of Functional Crystal Ni₂MnGa

LIU Yan¹; JIANG Bo-Hong²; ZHOU Wei-Min²; WANG Jin-Chang¹; FENG Chu-De¹; XIE Hua-Qing¹; NI Pei-Wen¹

1.Shanghai Institute of Ceramics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai 200050; China;2. ShanghaiJiaoTong University; Shanghai 200030; China

Received:1999-12-23 Revised:2000-01-17 Published:2000-12-20 Online:2000-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： Ｎｉ_２ＭｎＧａ晶体同时具有强铁磁性、大磁致伸缩、温控和磁控形状记忆效应，其磁控形状记忆效应的响应频率接近压电陶瓷，输出应变和应力接近温控形状记忆合金，是近年来发现的一类新型功能晶体．Ｎｉ_２ＭｐＧａ晶体７７Ｋ时在［００１］方向，仅２ＭＰａ的预应力即可产生５％的温控可回复应变，已接近ＴｉＮｉ合金６％～８％的可回复应变量；非化学剂量的Ｎｉ。ＭｎＧａ晶体室温条件下在［００１］方向，６ｈＯｅ外磁场已诱发产生０．３１％的输出应变，远超过巨磁致伸缩材料Ｔｅｒｆｅｎｏｌ－Ｄ输出应变０．１７％的水平．由于该晶体在磁场控制下表现出的大输出应变和应力，以及响应频率快和可精确控制的综合特性，使其可能在声纳、微位移器、线性马达、微波器件、振动和噪声控制、机器人和智能结构等诸多领域有重要应用，成为未来新一代驱动器和传感器材料．本文综述了Ｎｉ_２ＭｎＧａ单晶的基本性能、磁控形状记忆效应的机理、本质以及影响性能的因素等。

关键词: Ni₂MnGa, 磁诱发应变, 磁控形状记忆效应, 磁致伸缩, 马氏体相变

Abstract: Ni₂MnGa crystal is a new kind of functional material, which exhibits ferromagnetic, magnetostrictive, thermal and magnetically
controlled shape memory properties. The nonstoichiometric Ni₂MnGa crystal can show a strain of 0.31% along [001] direction in a magnetic field of 6kOe
at room temperature; a [001]-directed stress of only 2MPa gives rise to a recoverable strain of 5%. As a kind of future actuator and sensor material, it will
possibly be used in many fields, such as sonar, microactuator, linear motor, microwave device, vibration and noise control, robot and functional structure etc. This paper
presents the properties of Ni₂MnGa crystal, the essential and mechanism of the magnetic-induced martensitic transformation and magnetically controlled shape memory
effect. Some factors which may influence the properties of Ni₂MnGa are also discussed.

Key words: Ni₂MnGa, magnetic-field-induced strain, magnets-shape-memory effect, magnetostrictive, martensitic transformation

中图分类号:

O73
TB381

刘岩,江伯鸿,周伟敏,王锦昌,冯楚德,谢华清,倪沛汶. 一种新型功能晶体Ni₂MnGa[J]. 无机材料学报.

LIU Yan,JIANG Bo-Hong,ZHOU Wei-Min,WANG Jin-Chang,FENG Chu-De,XIE Hua-Qing,NI Pei-Wen. A New Kind of Functional Crystal Ni₂MnGa[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials.

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一种新型功能晶体Ni₂MnGa

A New Kind of Functional Crystal Ni₂MnGa

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