面向5G小型化环行器的低磁矩高介电常数Bi-YIG旋磁铁氧体设计与实现

doi:10.15541/jim20260010

无机材料学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (10): 1489-1496.DOI: 10.15541/jim20260010

面向5G小型化环行器的低磁矩高介电常数Bi-YIG旋磁铁氧体设计与实现

赵建伟¹^,²(), 程泽来³, 梁吉³, 邱委华², 苏桦³(), 李化义¹()

¹ 哈尔滨工业大学卫星技术研究所, 哈尔滨 150080
² 山东航天电子技术研究所, 烟台 264670
³ 电子科技大学电子科学与工程学院, 成都 611731

收稿日期:2026-01-09 修回日期:2026-02-15 出版日期:2026-10-20 网络出版日期:2026-05-08
通讯作者: 李化义, 教授. E-mail: lihuayi@hit.edu.cn;
苏桦, 教授. E-mail: uestcsh77@163.com
作者简介:赵建伟(1983-), 男, 硕士研究生. E-mail: 21B918143@stu.hit.edu.cn
基金资助:
四川省科技厅项目(2025ZHCG0019)

Design and Implementation of Bi-YIG Gyromagnetic Ferrites with Low Magnetic Moment and High Dielectric Constant for 5G Miniaturized Circulators

ZHAO Jianwei¹^,²(), CHENG Zelai³, LIANG Ji³, QIU Weihua², SU Hua³(), LI Huayi¹()

¹ Research Center of Satellite Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
² Shandong Astronautics Electronic Technology Institute, Yantai 264670, China
³ School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China

Received:2026-01-09 Revised:2026-02-15 Published:2026-10-20 Online:2026-05-08
Contact: LI Huayi, professor. E-mail: lihuayi@hit.edu.cn;
SU Hua, professor. E-mail: uestcsh77@163.com
About author:ZHAO Jianwei (1983-), male, Master candidate. E-mail: 21B918143@stu.hit.edu.cn
Supported by:
Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2025ZHCG0019)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着5G通信对高集成度器件的需求日益增长, 开发兼具高介电常数与低饱和磁化强度的旋磁铁氧体成为研究关键。本研究旨在通过多离子协同取代策略, 设计并制备一种适用于3.0~3.6 GHz频段的石榴石铁氧体。采用固相反应法制备了Bi_1.4Gd_0.2Ca_1.4Zr_0.2Al_nV_0.6Fe_4.2-_nO₁₂ (n=0~0.20)系列样品, 系统研究了Al³⁺取代对其微观结构、磁性能与介电性能的影响。所有样品均保持纯石榴石相, 无第二相产生, 微结构致密、均匀, 粒界清晰。当n=0.10时, 材料获得最佳综合性能: 饱和磁化强度(Saturation magnetization, 4πM_s)降至774 G (1 G=10^-4 T), 铁磁共振线宽(Ferromagnetic resonance linewidth, ΔH)优化至83 Oe (1 Oe=1000/4π A/m≈79.577 A/m), 介电常数(Dielectric constant, ε_r)达26.31, 介电损耗(Dielectric loss, tanδ_ε)为8.49×10^-4。基于此材料研制的双Y结环行器在3.0~3.6 GHz频段内的插入损耗为0.27~0.31 dB, 回波损耗与隔离度均优于20 dB, 且在-40~85 ℃宽温范围内性能保持稳定。Al³⁺取代通过稀释磁性离子与弱化磁晶各向异性, 协同降低了4πM_s与ΔH。本工作为5G小型化环行器提供了一种高性能的铁氧体材料解决方案。

关键词: 旋磁铁氧体, 环行器, Bi-YIG, 低饱和磁化强度

Abstract:

With the increasing demand for highly integrated devices in 5G communication, the development of gyromagnetic ferrites combining high dielectric constant and low saturation magnetization has become a research focus. This study aims to design and prepare a garnet ferrite suitable for the 3.0-3.6 GHz band through a multi-ion co-substitution strategy. A series of Bi_1.4Gd_0.2Ca_1.4Zr_0.2Al_nV_0.6Fe_4.2-_nO₁₂ (n=0-0.20) samples were synthesized by the solid-state reaction method. The effects of Al³⁺ substitution on the microstructure, magnetic properties, and dielectric properties were systematically investigated. All samples maintain a pure garnet phase without secondary phases. Dense and uniform microstructures with clear grain boundaries are observed. The results show that the optimal comprehensive performance is achieved at n=0.10: the saturation magnetization (4πM_s) is significantly reduced to 774 G (1 G=10^-4 T), the ferromagnetic resonance linewidth (ΔH) is optimized to 83 Oe (1 Oe=1000/4π A/m≈ 79.577 A/m), the dielectric constant (ε_r) reaches 26.31, and the dielectric loss (tanδ_ε) is as low as 8.49×10^-4. A dual-Y-junction circulator fabricated based on this optimized material exhibits excellent microwave performance within the 3.0-3.6 GHz band, with an insertion loss of 0.27 to 0.31 dB, return loss and isolation both better than 20 dB. Moreover, the device demonstrates stable performance over a wide temperature range from -40 ℃ to 85 ℃, indicating its reliability for practical engineering applications. The Al³⁺ substitution synergistically reduces both 4πM_s and ΔH by diluting magnetic ions and weakening magnetocrystalline anisotropy. This work provides a high-performance ferrite material solution for miniaturized 5G circulators and contributes to the advancement of integrated microwave devices for next-generation communication systems.

Key words: gyromagnetic ferrite, circulator, Bi-YIG, low saturation magnetization

中图分类号:

TM277

赵建伟, 程泽来, 梁吉, 邱委华, 苏桦, 李化义. 面向5G小型化环行器的低磁矩高介电常数Bi-YIG旋磁铁氧体设计与实现[J]. 无机材料学报, 2026, 41(10): 1489-1496.

ZHAO Jianwei, CHENG Zelai, LIANG Ji, QIU Weihua, SU Hua, LI Huayi. Design and Implementation of Bi-YIG Gyromagnetic Ferrites with Low Magnetic Moment and High Dielectric Constant for 5G Miniaturized Circulators[J]. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2026, 41(10): 1489-1496.

图/表 11

图1 900 ℃烧结BGYIG+nAl系列样品的XRD图谱

Fig. 1 XRD patterns of the BGYIG+nAl samples sintered at 900 ℃

图2 900 ℃下烧结BGYIG+nAl系列样品的断面SEM照片

Fig. 2 Cross-sectional SEM images of the BGYIG+nAl samples sintered at 900 ℃ (a) n=0.05; (b) n=0.10; (c) n=0.15; (d) n=0.20

图3 900 ℃下烧结BGYIG+nAl系列样品的密度

Fig. 3 Densities of the BGYIG+nAl samples sintered at 900 ℃

图4 900 ℃下烧结BGYIG+nAl系列样品的4πMs和ΔH

Fig. 4 4πMs and ΔH of the BGYIG+nAl samples sintered at 900 ℃

图5 900 ℃下烧结BGYIG+nAl系列样品的介电性能

Fig. 5 Dielectric properties of the BGYIG+nAl samples sintered at 900 ℃

表1 YIG基旋磁铁氧体的性能总结

Table 1 Summary of properties of YIG-based gyromagnetic ferrites

Microwave ferrite	4πM_s/G	ΔH/Oe	ε_r	tanδ_ε	Ref.
Y_1.38Gd_1.5Dy_0.02Ca_0.1In_0.3Ge_0.1Fe_4.6O₁₂	900	130	-	-	[23]
Y₂BiFe_4.94Al_0.06O₁₂	1291	336	18.3	-	[24]
Bi_1.2Y_0.57Ca_1.23Zr_0.41V_0.41Fe_4.18O₁₂	1271	98	24.3	-	[25]
Y_1.8Bi_1.2Fe₅O₁₂	926	400	-	-	[6]
Y_1.65BiCa_0.35Fe_4.65Zr_0.15Ge_0.2O₁₂	1373	254	22.0	5.54×10^-3	[17]
Y₂CaTiFe₄O₁₂	1125	375	20.0	-	[26]
Bi_0.6CaY_1.4Sn_0.4V_0.3Fe_4.3O₁₂	1437	80	17.4	4.74×10^-4	[18]
Bi_1.4Gd_0.2Ca_1.4Zr_0.2Al_0.1V_0.6Fe_4.1O₁₂	774	83	26.3	8.49×10^-4	This work

图6 双Y结环行器模型

Fig. 6 Schematic of the dual-Y-junction circulator

图7 双Y结环行器仿真结果

Fig. 7 Simulated results of dual-Y-junction circulator (a) S-parameters; (b) Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)

图8 双Y结环行器原型实物

Fig. 8 Prototype of the dual-Y-junction circulator (a) Internal view; (b) External view

图9 双Y结环行器实物测试结果

Fig. 9 Measured frequency response of the dual-Y-junction circulator prototype

图10 不同温度下环行器样品的S参数

Fig. 10 Measured S-parameters of the circulator prototype under various temperatures (a) -40 ℃; (b) 70 ℃; (c) 85 ℃; (d) 110 ℃

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面向5G小型化环行器的低磁矩高介电常数Bi-YIG旋磁铁氧体设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Bi-YIG Gyromagnetic Ferrites with Low Magnetic Moment and High Dielectric Constant for 5G Miniaturized Circulators

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