图4. 铜基纳米酶在生物传感中的应用^{[94⇓⇓-97]}

Fig. 4. Cu-based nanozymes for biosensing^{[94⇓⇓-97]}
(a) Schematic diagram of a paper sensor for H₂O₂ detection based on mesoporous CuO hollow sphere nanozymes; (b) Effects of different substrates H₂O₂, ascorbic acid, Cys, Gly, Pro, Ala, Glu, GSH, Glc, Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Mn²⁺ on the sensing performance of the paper sensor ^[94]; (c) UV-Vis spectra of the mixed reaction system with CuO/NiO NTs, TMB, H₂O₂ and different concentrations of isoniazid; (d) Dose response curve of sensing isoniazid^[95]; (e) Schematic illustration of the three-enzyme system (ACC) containing acetylcholinesterase (AchE), choline oxidase (ChOx), and Cu-N-C single atom enzymes (SAzymes) for the organophosphorous pesticide (OP) detection; (f) Change of the absorbance at 652 nm of the ACC system with the addition of OP from 1 to 300 ng/mL; (g) Linear relationship between the inhibition rate (IR) of AchE and the logarithm of OP concentration^[96]; (h) Schematic illustration of CuO NPs for ascorbic acid and ALP detection; (i) Emission spectra of different detection systems, with 1-4 indicating AAP-TA-CuO NPs, ALP-TA-CuO NPs, AAP-ALP-TA-CuO NPs, and TA-AA-CuO NPs, respectively; (j) Linear relationship between emission intensity and concentration of ascorbic acid; (k) Calibration plot for ALP determination with different concentrations^[97]
TMB: 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine; GSH: Glutathione; AChE: Acetylcholinesterase; OP: Organophosphorus pesticide; AAP: L-ascorbate-2-trisodium phosphate; TA: Terephthalic acid; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; µM: µmol/L; mM: mmol/L